Sociology社会学
Sociology is a social science that studies (1) societies, their interactions, and the processes that (2) and change them. It does this by (3) the dynamics of constituent parts of societies (4) as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, (5) age groups. Sociology also studies social status (6) stratification, social movements, and social change, as (7) as societal disorder in the form. of (8) , deviance, and revolution.
Social life overwhelmingly regulates (9) behaviour of humans, largely because humans lack (10) instincts that guide most animal behaviour. Humans (11) depend on social institutions and organizations to (12) their decisions and actions. Given the important (13) organizations play in influencing human action, it (14) sociology's task to discover how organizations affect (15) behaviour of persons, how they are established, (16) organizations interact with one another, how they (17) , and, ultimately, how they disappear. Among the (18) basic organizational structures are economic, religious, educational, (19) political institutions, as well as more specialized (20) such as the family, the community, the military, peer groups, clubs, and volunteer associations.
(1)
时间:2023-10-12 12:35:49
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布迪厄认为,要想进行科学的社会学研究,就必须对社会学的对象以及社会学研究者本身进行反思。
A . 正确
B . 错误
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社会学学科按传统的分类方法大致可分为()、应用社会学、经验社会学。
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社会学回答社会“应该怎样”的问题,这是社会学的()。
A、描述功能
B、解释功能
C、预测功能
D、规范功能
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1978年12月,中国社会学在()等老一代社会学工作者的努力下成立中国社会学研究会。
A . 费孝通
B . 陈达
C . 吴文藻
D . 孙本文
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()的社会学被称为“理解社会学”
A . 马克思
B . 迪尔克姆
C . 孔德
D . 韦伯
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历史社会学主要是在社会学视野下研究历史。
A . 正确
B . 错误
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犯罪社会学是社会学中的()
A . A、一门分支学科
B . B、一门综合学科
C . C、一门方法学科
D . D、一门理论学科
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从农村社会学与社会学的关系来理解
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韦伯把自己的社会学称为()社会学。
A . 科学的
B . 解释的
C . 正确的
D . 德国的
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()是近代社会学领域的一位泰斗。他的“理解社会学”开创了社会学中的反实证主义传统。
A . A.马克斯·韦伯
B . B.奥古斯特·孔德
C . C.赫伯特·斯宾塞
D . D.埃米尔·涂尔干
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在中国社会学成长期,西方社会学对中国社会学的影响体现在以下哪几个方面?()
A . A、帮助培养人才
B . B、中西方学者共同开展合作研究
C . C、中西方学者开展学术交流
D . D、中国社会学者译介和应用西方社会学理论与方法
E . E、西方学术团体和个人在生活、学术、资金上为中国学者提供帮助
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Sociology is the study of language in relation to(),such as social class, educational level and so on.
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历史社会学是一门新兴的社会学的分支学科。
A . 正确
B . 错误
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社会学产生在欧洲,但社会学的发展却在()。
A、德国
B、英国
C、日本
D、美国
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韦伯的社会学可以称为( )社会学。
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戏剧社会学,就是从戏剧出发走向社会学,研究戏剧样式在社会中存在的()。
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体育社会学作为社会学的分支和体育科学的基础学科,是从社会学角度去研究体育与社会的关系,并体育社会学作为社会学的分支和体育科学的基础学科,是从社会学角度去研究体育与社会的关系,并把体育作为一种社会存在形态去考察它的结构、功能,以及研究体育中的社会问题的一门学科。()
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Every time you try to answer a question that asks why, you engage in the process of causal analysis--you attempt to determine a cause or series of causes for a particular effect. When you try to answer a question that what if, you attempt to determine what effect will result from a particular cause. You will have frequent opportunity to use cause- and-effect analysis in the writing that you will do in college. For example, in history you might be asked to determine the causes of the Seven Day War between Egypt and Israel. In political science you might be asked to determine the reasons why Ronald Reagan won the 1984 Presidential election. And in sociology you might be asked to predict the effect that changes in Social Security legislation would have on senior citizens.
22. Determining causes and effects is usually thought-provoking and quite complex. One reason for this is that there are two types of causes: immediate causes, which are readily apparent because they are closest to the effect, and ultimate cause, which, being somewhat removed, are not so apparent and perhaps even hidden. Furthermore, ultimate causes may bring about effects which themselves become immediate causes, this creating a causal chain. For example, consider the following causal chain. Sally, a computer salesperson, prepared extensively for a meeting with an important client (ultimate cause), impressed the client (immediate cause), and made a very large sale (effect). The chain did not stop there: The large sale cause her to be promoted by her employer (effect).
A second reason why causal analysis can be so complex is that an effect may have any number of possible or actual causes, and a cause may have any number of possible or actual effects. 23. An upset stomach may be caused by eating spoiled food, but it may also be caused by overeating, flu, allergy, nervousness, pregnancy, or any combination of factors. Similarly, the high cost of electricity may have multiple effects: higher profits for utility companies, fewer sales of electrical appliances, higher prices for other products, and the development of alternative sources of energy. Sound reasoning and logic are central to any causal analysis. Writers of believable causal analysis examine their material objectively and develop their essays carefully. They are convinced by their own examination of the material, but are not afraid to admit other possible causes and effects.
Because people are accustomed to thinking of causes with their effects, they sometimes commit an error in logic known as the "after this, therefore because of this" fallacy. 24. This fallacy leads people to believe that because one event occurred after another event, the first event somehow caused the second. That is, they sometimes make causal connection that are not proved. For example, if students began to perform. better after a free breakfast program was instituted at their school, one could not assume that the improvement was caused by the breakfast program. There could of course be any number of other causes for this effect, and a responsible writer on the subject would analyze and consider them all before suggesting the cause.
(21)
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微观社会学侧重分析社会的个体结构,以下()属于微观社会学的分析。
A.结构功能论
B.符号互动论
C.社会冲突论
D.社会分层论
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()年在北京举行“社会学座谈会”,并成立了“中国社会学研究会”,这标志社会学与社会学有关的学科在中国内地开始正式恢复和重建。
A.1978
B.1980
C.1981
D.1979
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The__ study of religion moved from the center to the periphery of sociology()
A.physical
B.psychological
C.professional
D.sociological
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环境人口容量由小到大排序正确的是 [ ]原始社会—农业社会—现代社会—工业社会 B.农业社会—原始社会—工业社环境人口容量由小到大排序正确的是 [ ]原始社会—农业社会—现代社会—工业社会 B.农业社会—原始社会—工业社会—现代社会 C.工业社会—原始社会—农业社会—现代社会 D.原始社会—农业社会—工业社会—现代社会
A.原始社会—农业社会—现代社会—工业社会
B.农业社会—原始社会—工业社会—现代社会
C.工业社会—原始社会—农业社会—现代社会
D.原始社会—农业社会—工业社会—现代社会
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The founders of the Chicago school of sociology, Robert Park and Ernest Burgess, attempted to develop a dynamic model of the city, one that would account not only for the expansion of cities in terms of population and territory but also for the patterns of settlement and land use within cities. They identified several factors that influence the physical form. of cities. As Park stated, among them are "transportation and communication, tramways and telephones, newspapers and advertising, steel construction and elevators—all things, in fact, which tend to bring about at once a greater mobility and a greater concentration of the urban populations."
Paragraph 3 indicates that all of the following are true of "natural areas" as conceived by Park and Burgess EXCEPT:
A.Use of the land in natural areas follows a consistent pattern but is generally unplanned.
B.People living in natural areas tend to have much in common.
C.Natural areas are usually protected from "invasion" by people in other areas.
D.Natural areas are an important basic component of the model Park and Burgess developed.