What does the protocol field inside the PPP frame indicate？（）

A .  reduction of processing in wireless controllers B .  distributed approach to authentication， encryption， and policy enforcement C .  provides security by blocking communication between access points and wireless clients D .  access point discovery， information exchange， and configuratio

A . Network A - 172.16.3.48/26 B . Network A - 172.16.3.128/25 C . Network A - 172.16.3.192/26 D . Link A - 172.16.3.0/30 E . Link A - 172.16.3.40/30 F . Link A - 172.16.3.112/30

A . when all equipment is manufactured by Cisco B . when there are multiple paths to destination networks C . because having multiple routing protocols confuses hackers D . when migrating from an older Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) to a new IGP E . when using UNIX host - based routers F . when smaller broadcast domains are desired

A . to uniquely identify devices at Layer 2 B . to allow communication with devices on a different network C . to differentiate a Layer 2 frame from a Layer 3 packet D . to establish a priority system to determine which device gets to transmit first E . to allow communication between different devices on the same network F . to allow detection of a remote device when its physical address is unknow

A . It confines network instability to a single area of network. B . It increases the routing overhead of the network C . It supports VLSM D . It routes between Autonomous Systems. E . It allows extensive control of routing updates F . None of the above

A . to provide a mechanism to dynamically assign vlan membership to switch ports B . to allow traffic to be carried from multiple vlans over a single link between switches C . to allow native vlan information to be carried over a trunk link D . to provide a mechanism to manually assign vlan membership to switch ports E . to allow for managing the additions,deletions,and changes of vlans between switch

A . Layer 5 B . Layer 4 C . Layer 3 D . Layer 2 E . Layer 1

A . LSAs from other routers B . Beacons received on point-to-point links C . hello packets D . Routing tables received from neighbors E . SAP packets sent by other routers F . TTL packets from exclusive router

A .  load balancing B .  scalability C .  remote management D .  fault tolerance E .  service assurance

A .  access point certification and software control B .  compression and Layer 3 address mapping C .  Layer 3 addressing and distribution D .  packet encapsulation， fragmentation， and formatting E .  SNMP monitoring service

A . Set the IP gateway to be used by the network. B . Perform host discovery used DHCPDISCOVER message. C . Configure IP address parameters from DHCP server to a host. D . Provide an easy management of layer 3 devices. E . Monitor IP performance using the DHCP server. F . Assign and renew IP address from the default pool.

A . to build a Packet Description Language Module （PDLM） file to be used in protocol matching B . to discover applications and build class maps for data classification C . to look into the TCP or UDP payload and classify packets based on the content D . to build a database of all application data that passes through the router and queue the data accordingly

A . hello packets B . SAP messages sent by other routers C . LSAs from other routers D . beacons received on point-to-point links E . routing tables received from other link-state routers F . TTL packets from designated router

A .  Reduction of processing in wireless controllers B .  Distributed approach to authentication， encryption， and policy enforcement C .  Access point discovery， information exchange， and configuration D .  Provides security by blocking communication between access points and wireless clients E .  None of the other alternatives apply.

A . The exchange of advertisement is triggered by a change in the network. B . All routers exchange routing tables with each other iIn a multipoint network. C . Packets are routed based upon the shortest path to the destination. D . Paths are chosen depending on the cost efficiency factor. E . Every router in an OSPF area is capable of representing the entire network topology. F . Only the designated router in an OSPF area can represent the entire network topology.

A . to uniquely identify devices at Layer 2 B . to allow communication with devices on a different network C . to differentiate a Layer 2 frame from a Layer 3 packet D . to establish a priority system to determine which device gets to transmit first E . to allow communication between different devices on the same network F . to allow detection of a remote device when its physical address is unknow

A . The VLAN ID of all known VLANs，the management domain name，and the total number of trunk links on the switch. B . The VLAN ID of all known VLANs，a 1-bit canonical format （CF1 Indicator），and the switch  configuration revision number. C . The management domain name，the switch configuration revision number，the known VLANs，  and their specific parameters. D . A 2-byte TPID with a fixed value of 0x8100 for the management domain number，the switch  configuration revision number，the known VLANs，and their specific parameters. E . None of the other alternatives apply.

A . exstart state>exchange state>loading state>full state B . exstart state>full state>loading state>exchange state C . Loading state>exchange state>full state>exstart state D . exstart state>loading state>exchange state>full state

A . It converges quickly. B . OSPF is a classful routing protocol. C . It uses cost to determine the best route. D . It uses the DUAL algorithm to determine the best route. E . OSPF routers send the complete routing table to all directly attached routers. F . OSPF routers discover neighbors before exchanging routing information.

A . complicated header B . plug-and-play C . no broadcasts D . checksums E . optional IPsec F . autoconfiguratio

A . CIDR B . Split horizon C . Authentication D . Classless masking E . Hold-down timers F . Multicast routing updates G . Path Vectoring

A . load balancing B . scalability C . remote management D . fault tolerance E . service assurance

A .  hello packets B .  SAP messages sent by other routers  C .  LSAs from other routers D .  beacons received on point-to-point links E .  routing tables received from other link-state routers F .  TTL packets from designated router