The ancient Romans had a discipline called the art of memory and they honored remarkable acts of memorization.

A．Pay an entrance fee. B．Make no noise. C．Not littering. D．No singing. 此题为多项选择题。

A.Because it would be easier to put them together and carry them around. B.Because it would be lighter for people to carry them from place to place. C.Because people wanted to make it look nicer. D.Because people wanted to save the expensive metal they were made from.

A．first B．latest C．old D．special

A．reckon B．ponder C．tackle D．challenge

"There is no excuse for this, "President Bill Clinton had already chided." These results are, entirely unacceptable, "admonished the secretary of education. The head of the National Education Association declared U.S. schools to be in a state of crisis. And now Alberts, president of the National Academy of Sciences, said that he, too, saw in this report "all the elements of an education tragedy." "Americans have always risen to a crisis," he added. "We see clearly that the future is threatened. 2. Let us act now to heed this important wake-up call." And so, with editorial writers and educators across the country obligingly sounding the alarm, American education lurched yet again into crisis mode. It is a cyclical ritual, repeated in every decade since the 1940s, observes Gregory William of the University of Toledo. 3. The launch of Sputnik in 1957 set off an orgy of anxiety culminating in Admiral Hyman Rickover's 1963 book American Education, A National Failure, in which he famously predicted that "the Russians will bury us" thanks to their more rigorous science and math courses. 4. Beginning with the 1983 publication of A Nation at Risk, one blue-ribbon panel after another warned that massive educational failure had ceded the United State's technological lead to Japan and other competitors—a conclusion that proved premature. 5. Although the particulars vary from one education crisis to the next, the episodes are connected by common threads. Each has surged into public discourse on an unrelenting torrent of angst flowing from the educational research profession, William says. Combing through the education literature of the past 30 years, he recently turned up more than 4,000 articles and books in which scholars declared some sort of crisis in the schools—but rarely bothered to spell out what cataclysm was imminent. Each episode has also eaten away at public confidence in schools, which fell 38 percent from 1973 to 1996, according to surveys by the National Opinion Research Center.

The ideas we have in America about the private ownership of productive property as a natural and universal right of mankind, perhaps of divine origin, are by no means universal and must be viewed as an invention of man rather than an order of God. Of course, we are completely trained to accept the idea of ownership of the earth and its products, raw and transformed. It seems not at all strange; in fact, it is quite difficult to imagine a society without such arrangements. If someone, some individuals, didn't own that plot of land, that house, that factory, that machine, that tower of wheat, how would we function？ What would the rules be？ Whom would we buy from and how would we sell？ It is important to acknowledge a significant difference between achieving ownership simply by taking or claiming property and owning what we tend to call the "fruit of labor." If I, alone or together with my family, work on the land and raise crops, or if I make something useful out of natural material, it seems reasonable and fair to claim that the crops or the objects belong to me or my family, are my property, at least in the sense that I have first claim on them. Hardly anyone would dispute that. In fact, some of the early radical workingmen's movements made (an ownership) claim on those very grounds. As industrial organization became more complex, however, such issues became vastly more intricate. It must be clear that in modem society the social heritage of knowledge and technology and the social organization of manufacture and exchange account for far more of the productivity of industry and the value of what is produced than can be accounted for by the labor of any number of individuals. Hardly any person can now point and say, "That--that right there--is the fruit of my labor." We can say, as a society, as a nation--as a world, really--that what is produced is the fruit of our labor, the product of the whole society as a collectivity. We have to recognize that the right of private individual ownership of property is man-made and constantly dependent on the extent to which those without property believe that the owner can make his claim, dependent on the extent to which those without stick. According to the passage, the concept of ownership probably ______. A．resulted from the concept of property right B．stemmed from the uncovered prehistoric ages C．arose from the generous blessing of the Creator D．originated from the undetected Middle Ages

A、has been believed to have been B、was believed to be C、is believed to have been D、is believed to be

A．Roman roads B．Roman food C．Roman coins D．Roman trees

A．庆祝 B．选择 C．选举

When Grandpapa got old & couldn’t see well enough to read anymore, I read to him. I’d read until his eyes closed and he started to fall asleep. As I quietly got up, Grandpapa would reach into the pocket of his grey sweater and pull out a box of chocolate covered raisins, pressing them into my teen-aged hand. Eyes still closed, he would whisper "I remembered". Grandpapa always said things like; "You scratch my back an’ I’ll scratch yours," and "Share, little one. Sharing makes everything better. ’ Somehow, everything always was better. I’ll never forget the call from the hospital. Grandpapa had suffered a heart attack. My Mother was so upset, crying so many tears. It was snowing that night. Great big fluffy snowflakes falling through the glow of the streetlight. It’s snowing this morning, big fluffy snowflakes fall through the glow of the streetlight. I sit and watch the snowflakes fall, thinking about Grandpapa with love in my heart and a cup of coffee in my hands. I will always remember his wise words, "Sharing makes every thing better. ’ The need to reach out to another human being is instinctive, and as necessary as the air that we breathe. It is my sincere hope that you will want to share something of yourself. A kind word to a stranger perhaps, or a compliment to someone that deserves one. It is these small act a of sharing, and caring, that make this world a better place. (33) A．chocolate covered raisins. B．chocolate covered peanuts. C．a banana. D．an apple.