The 1920s was the decade of advertising. The advertising men went wild: everything from salt to household coal was being nationally advertised. Of course, ads had been around for a long time. But something new was happening, in terms of both scale and strategy. For the first time, business began to use advertising as a psychological weapon against consumers. Without their product, the consumer would be left unmarried, fall victim to a terrible disease, or be passed over for a promotion. Ads developed an association between the product and one's very identity. Eventually they came to promise everything and anything—from self-esteem to status, friendship, and love.

A . uncontrolled speculation in the stock market B . tariff protection C . huge profits of big businesses D . too much control over the banking system

A . the supply of investment capital is likely to decrease considerably B . consumers’appetite for new products or services will lessen tremendously C . fortunes will be made and lost many times over D . most human interactions can be easily monitored

A . bank failures　 B . serious unemployment C . farm foreclosures　 D . the stock market crash

What did the chairman do at the meeting？ A．He asked the board to prepare a development plan. B．He wanted the board to discuss the outline. C．He described what the company would do in the years to come.

A.the carelessness of the drivers B.increase in the number of ears stolen C.non-professional thieves D.lack of parking space E.safe parking spots F.professional thieves

A．African American B．Hispanic C．Native American D．Jewish

A．when B．that C．which D．in which

A．Y B．N C．NG

A．that B．which C．since D．then

是 否

The valley's business ecology depends on failure the same way the tree-covered hills around us depend on fire it wipes out the old growth and creates space for new life. The valley has always been in danger of drowning in the unwelcome waste products of success too many people, too expensive houses, too much traffic, too little office space and too much money chasing too few startups. Failure is the safety valve, the destructive renewing force that frees up people, ideas and capital and recombines them, creating new revolutions. Consider how the Internet revolution came to be. After half a decade of start-up struggles, for example, hundreds of millions of Hollywood dollars were going up in smoke. It all seemed like a terrible waste, but no one noticed that the collapse left one very important byproduct, a community of laid-off C++ programmers who were now expert in multimedia design, and out on the street looking for the next big thing. These media geeks were the pioneer of the dot-com revolution. They were the Web's business pioneers, applying their newfound media sensibilities to create one little company after another. Most of these start-ups failed, but even in failure they advanced the new medium of cyberspace. A few geeks, like Silicon Graphics founder Jim Clark, succeeded and utterly changed our lives. In 1994 Clark was unemployed after leaving the company be founded, doggedly trying to develop a new interactive-TV concept. He approached Marc Andreessen, the co developer of Mosaic, the first widely used Internet browser, in hope of persuading Andreessen to help him design his new system. Instead, Andreessen opened Clark's eyes to the Web's potential. Clark promptly tossed his TV plans in the trash, and the two co-founded Netscape, the cornerstone of the consumer-Web revolution. Like the interactive-TV refugees and generations of innovators before them, the dot-comers are already hatching new companies. Many are revisiting good ideas executed badly in the 1990s, while others are striking out into entirely new spaces. This happy chaos is certain to mature into a new order likely to upset an establishment, as it delivers life-changing wonders to the rest of us. But this is just the start, for revolutions give birth to revolutions. So let's hope for more of Silicon Valley's successful failures. What is implied in the first sentence？ A．The Silicon Valley blamed its failure on the success of Wall Street. B．The Silicon Valley is also noted for its complex ecological web. C．The Silicon Valley takes a vain pride in its overabundant successes. D．The Silicon Valley would benefit from the collapse in certain ways.

The【B10】of this music are as interesting as the music【B11】. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz【B12】. They were brought to the Southern states【B13】slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long【B14】. When a Negro died his friends and relatives【B15】a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the【B16】. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. 【B17】on the way home the mood changed. Spirit lifted. Death had removed one of their【B18】, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played【B19】music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes【B20】at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form. of jazz. 【B1】 A．At B．In C．By D．On

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

The bones unearthed in a shallow grave definitely are those of Czar Nicholas II, said Lt. Col (Dr.) Victor Weedn at an Aug. 31 news conference. Weedn heads the Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory in Rockville, Md., which is involved in identifying skeletal remains of U. S. service members who served in Vietnam, Korea and World War II. The attempt to identify the czar presented a special challenge. The armed forces lab was the perfect place to perform. the type of genetic testing on old, deteriorating bones that was needed in this case, he said. Until the announcement, scientists had not been able to say for sure whether the bones were those of the czar. Russian DNA expert Pavel Ivanov, who with Weedn oversaw a team of U. S. military civilians tasked to identify the remains, reached the same conclusion. Nicholas and his family were rounded up by the Bolsheviks and executed by firing squad in 1918. Their bodies were dumped into a pool of sulfuric acid 20 miles outside the Ural Mountain city of Yekaterinburg. The shallow grave was uncovered in 1979. Bone fragments believed to be those of the czar, the Czarina Alexandra and three of their five children were unearthed in 1991. While investigators were able to positively identify the czarina and the daughters early on, a rare, benign genetic condition that first showed up in his generation did not allow them to make a positive identification of Nicholas II. Rare mutation the key In the end, it was that genetic mutation which provided the key to solving the mystery, Weedn said. Nicholas' brother, whose remains were exhumed in July 1994, turned out to have the same mutation in his genetic makeup. It is so rare that it makes the identification absolute, he said. If Russian authorities accept that finding, it will clear the way for the ceremonial burial of the last emperor of Russia. But the new evidence did not satisfy all skeptics. Emigre Eugene Magerovsky, a retired Russian military intelligence officer, interrupted the news conference to say he was suspicious of how the bones "suddenly" came to light during the Soviet era. "The Soviets have always been masters of all kinds of shenanigans," he said. He suggested the investigators may have been given two bones from the same corpse, in which case the DNA would have had to match. Weedn ruled that out, as the tibia and femur from the same side of each body were used in the testing. Ivanov, a forensic science professor in charge of identifying the remains of the last czar and his family, brought the femur bones—as well as a blood sample from a living relative— to the Rockville laboratory in June. Much evidence lost Years of exposure to minerals in the soil destroyed much of the genetic evidence in the bone, Weedn said. Still, through a painstaking process of grinding up bone, reproducing the genetic material from the dust and comparing the results over and over again, the team was able to reach its conclusion. One mystery Weedn and Ivanov did not address was that of the czar's daughter, Anastasia. Whether she somehow escaped the Bolsheviks' bullets has been the topic of intense debate for more than half a century. The grave yielded bones from only three of the five daughters. Still unresolved is whether Anastasia or Marie might have survived, along with the sickly heir, Alexis. Weedn, whose laboratory has tested two women who claimed to be Anastasia, found they were not. A third who sought testing has not sent in blood samples for testing, he added. On-again, off-again pairing Weedn was approached by Ivanov four years ago about becomi

At that moment the land suddenly moved. The vibration was so strong that great buildings fell down, including the new seven-million-dollar City Hall, which the community had good reason to be proud of. Main water pipes burst. Cooking stoves overturned and electric wires flashed. The fires which started caused damage in large areas of the city. What had happened.'？ The rocks had broken apart along nearly three hundred miles of a crack in the earth of California, a feature of the physical map of that region known as a "fault". The damage was greatest in San Francisco which was near the center of the fault. Many buildings were destroyed by fire or by the earthquake itself, and hundreds of people were killed. Many people also died from diseases which broke out in the dirty camps later occupied by homeless people. The fires got out of control and, before they died out, four square mi-les of the city were burnt out. The loss of property was serious. The loss from fire alone amounted to 400,000,000 dollars, more than nine-tenths of the total damage. In those days this was an enormous sum. The effects of the earthquake were widespread. Rivers and streams began to run in new directions and their flow pat-terns were changed. Trees six feet in diameter were uprooted within half a mile of the central break. An area of wet fields on the side of a hill actually moved half a mile downwards. A road which crossed the fault burst apart and a gap of 21 feet remained between the broken ends. The California earthquake is remembered because it was so sudden and because it occurred in a city, where the dam-age and destruction were plainly visible and where many people were killed simultaneously. Actually, deaths on American roads from car accidents are now greater in almost any week of the year, but we are so accustomed to road accidents that we do not pay much attention to them. Scientists and engineers studied the effects of the San Francisco earthquake. The city was rebuilt, and new features were introduced to strengthen buildings and maintain a constant water supply in the event of. another earthquake. The water mains were fitted with control values which would enable water to travel by different routes round broken places. Large underground tanks were constructed to supply water if normal supplies could not be tapped. Special measures were taken to prevent fires, which often do more damage than earthquakes themselves. The San Francisco earthquake provided scientists with valuable information, since the effects of the break were visible and reports of the incident were an important contribution to the world's store of knowledge about earthquakes. The main cause of the great loss of property 'after the San Francisco earthquake in 1960 is______. A．falling buildings B．broken pipes C．fires D．floods

Since 1945, the entire literary picture has changed. Fiction of ail kinds, but above all the short story, has become more and more uneconomic to publish. Many magazines have gone out of business. As a type, the "man of letters", puffing a pipe, has almost vanished, to be replaced by the university lecturer or the television scriptwriter. The public is not attracted by imaginary plots in books but prefers the actual, the real story of real people. For those who do not read at all, television provides an enticing alternative. Such a decline is in many ways a sad one because the old-time short story had a human quality about it which is now eroded. Yet, in an odd way, in our chaotic electronic age, the short story still has a prospect of living. It has been discovered by film scriptwriters that the form. of the short story provides a useful structure for television; it readily provides the basis for a one-hour programme. The best title for this passage is ______. A．The Short Story and Television B．The Short Story and the Public C．The Short Story: Past and Present D．The Short Story: Form. and Content

A．Because they felt science could offer predictability and reliability. B．Because science was very catchy and appealing to both Christians as well as non-Christians. C．Because people believed that the science of religion was in fact the science of mind. D．Because people wanted to let these two fields penetrate and complement each other. 此题为多项选择题。

A、The Roaring Twenties B、The Jazz Age C、The Dollar Decade D、all of the above