Much of the damage in past earthquakes could have been prevented by______.

A . control flooding，control fire，repair structural damage B . restore vital services，control fire，control flooding C . control fire，restore vital services，control flooding D . control fire，control flooding，repair structural damage

A . Owners are to be responsible for loss or damage even such loss or damage is not caused by the improper stowage B . Owners are only responsible for the loss or damage or delay caused by improper or negligent stowage C . Both A and B are right D . Both A and B are wrong

A . control flooding，control fire，repair structural damage B . restore vital services，control fire，control flooding C . control fire，restore vital services，control flooding D . control fire，control flooding，repair structural damage

A . for the part B . for the whole C . for the parts of damage not due to causes within the exception D . for the parts of damage due to causes within the exceptio

A . nearby damaged tanks B . nearby undamaged tanks containing ballast C . tanks on the opposite corner D . the opposite trim tank

A、prevented from B、resulted in C、gone through D、gone with

A．because wind and rain changed the weather B．the drop in the temperature would have effects on wind and rain C．because wind and rain did not change the weather D．the drop in the temperature would not have effects on wind and rain

Film makers have often based their work on historical events. Why go to the trouble of writing a brand new story when so many exciting things have happened in the pasty People will often already know the story, That leaves the director free to thrill us with details of what life as like in imperial China or ancient Rome. Most historians dislike this attitude. They see history as a complex thing, influenced by great political and economic forces. Film audiences are not very interested in this. They want kings and queens. They pay their money to see fancy clothes and a good fight. And this is what the film industry tries to give them. Sometimes this approach can cause trouble. The film Titanic was a success around the world. In one of the film's most dramatic moments, a member of the ship's crew begins shooting into the crowd trying to get into the lifeboats as the ship sinks. When the film was released, the real life sailor's surviving relatives protested. They pointed out that this was not what had actually happened The film makers made a public apology. But everyone who has seen the film remembers the sight of the man shooting into the crowd. Defenders of "Hollywood history" say that most of the time the film makers get the facts right. The action is based on real events and the clothes are accurate. People talk in the way that they would have done in the past even if they do it with a modern American accent. For many people, a historical film will be the closest they come to discovering the past. It is still possible to find mistakes. Millions have been spent on putting together a replica of ancient Rome. The costumes are right and the atmosphere is perfect. Yet if you look very closely, a plane can be seen passing through the sky above. Some film makers say that history needs to be simplified if it is to be filmed. The film maker's job is to make viewers interested. If they want to know more, they can do their own research. The difference between film history and real history is the difference between the facts and the truth. We can watch a "costume drama" and know that all the materials used are probably accurate. But if we want to find out the whole story, we have to do it ourselves. We have to go back to the books. The main point of the passage is______. A．that films based on past events are often big hits B．how much we can trust the Hollywood version of history C．that we should read books rather than see films to know the history D．why film audiences are interested in film history rather than real history

A．absurdity B．power C．direction D．belief

Natural foods, for example, vegetables, fruits and grains which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount—but not the quality—of foods grown in commercial farming areas. Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for ex- ample, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins. There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar, this is actually a non-essential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if this is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be an additive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form. of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fibre. It is significant that nowadays fibre is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fibre has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetable. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetable, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis placed on the eating of wholemeal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on healthy eating. Recently, some people are interested in natural foods because ______. A．these foods are fresh and sweet B．they want to change their eating habits C．these foods do not contain chemical additives and have not been affected by chemical fertilizers D．they don't like the processed foods

An official report concluding that the criminal justice system is failing has added to the government's problems. The Audit Commission, the government's watchdog, says that the police too often charge suspects with the wrong offences, use inaccurate computerized information and face serious inefficiencies in the forensic science (the use of scientific methods by the police) service. Court delays alone are costing taxpayers￡80m ($120m) a year. The result is that few criminals are brought to justice and even fewer convicted. Only 6% of the more than 5m offences recorded by the police last year resulted in a conviction. Hardly surprising, then, that more than half the public believes that the criminal justice system is ineffective. The main purpose of the White Paper published last year is to address concerns that the procedures of the court are weighted too heavily against the prosecution. It includes many sensible and uncontroversial proposals. It asks for more support for witnesses, many of whom are frightened of testifying. A survey of one London court found that, of 140 witnesses called in a two-week period, only 19 actually turned up. Making juries more representative must also make sense. Getting off jury service is too easy. In some London courts, two-thirds of those called for jury service fail to turn up. As a result, juries are often composed of housewives, the unemployed and the retired. The White Paper recommends a check on professionals' getting off service, who can excuse themselves by saying their work is too important, and proposes penalties for those who fail to comply. Other proposed reforms will be more controversial. At present, no defendant can be tried for the same offence twice even if compelling new evidence emerges. The government's plan to scrap that law will be resisted by civil liberties campaigners, as will the proposal that previous convictions should be disclosed in open court if they are relevant to the case being heard. Whether or not such proposals make it into law, the White Paper did not do much to address public concerns. The reason why 94% of crimes do not result in a conviction is that three-quarters of them are not cleared up, and so nobody is charged. That is the fault of the police, not the courts; and that is the part of the criminal justice system that the government needs to focus on if it is to make a difference. [A] use insufficient computerized information. [B] the work of the police, not that of the courts. [C] a short-term solution rather than the long-term causes. [D] the mistaken offences. [E] most of those called for jury duty are absent. [F] to address public concerns. [G] who are afraid of appearing in court. According to the text, the government would pay more attention to ______

More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25, 000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers aren't resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings. The structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that ______. A．new computers had been installed in the buildings B．it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highways C．large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday D．improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways

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