Sammy’s is a fast food chain that offers burgers, sandwiches, and shakes. It focuses its marketing efforts on all the experiences the customers will have on the way to obtaining their food order and e

In 1997, the High Court in London found that environmental campaigners Helen Steel, aged 34, and Dave Morris, 44, were guilty of distributing a pamphlet containing allegations against McDonald’s and their fast food and its preparation. The trial lasted three years and brought to light much evidence about the way McDonald’s hamburger chain workers prepared, handled and served food, and the treatment of these workers by the American-owned company. The High Court in London awarded McDonald’s damages of 60,000 pounds (RMB 780,000) against the two penniless campaigners. But in 1999, three Appeal Court Judges in London decided that the two defendants found guilty of libel against McDonald’s in 1997 would have the damages they have to pay to McDonald’s reduced to 40,000 pounds (RMB 520,000). While upholding the libel ruling, the judges backed the defendants' claim the food carries health risks and said allegations McDonald’s workers suffer poor pay and conditions are "fair comment". The judges also backed a claim by the defendants that eating the company’s hamburgers can cause heart disease. The claim that "if one eats enough McDonald’s food, one’s diet may well become high in fat..., with the very real risk of heart disease, is justified," said Lord Justice Pill, who was sitting in the Court of Appeal with Lord Justice May and Justice Keene. The appeal decision is likely to be a further embarrassment to McDonald’s, whose three-year action against environmental campaigners Helen Steel and Dave Morris generated extensive negative publicity. Peter Backman, chief executive of Food Service Intelligence, a research group, said: " McDonald’s is very conscious of what people say about them. They have got where they have by listening to consumers. I think their strategy will be to downplay the ruling, refute the comments, and thirdly, to do something about it." McDonald’s said it welcomed the Court of Appeal decision to uphold the 1997 libel ruling. The company faces another $200,000 legal bill for the 23-day appeal hearing. Steel and Morris were to take the case to the House of Lords and the European Court of Human Rights to appeal against the damages awarded against them. They present much of their cases themselves and any lawyer’s fees are largely paid for by donations. The pair have yet to win court backing for claims that McDonald’s damages the environment, or that there are links between its hamburgers, cancer and food poisoning. The fast-food chain has not yet recovered a penny of its original libel award from the defendants, who are refusing to hand over any money. One benefit of the long trial was that A．McDonald’s become more famous after that. B．people knew a lot about the food processing in McDonald’s. C．the way McDonald’s treated its workers has been improved. D．the government got a sum of money from it.

A. nutrition B. expenditure C. routine D. provision

A.He thinks their benefits and risks are balanced. B.He thinks their risks outweigh their benefits. C.He thinks their benefits outweigh their risks. D.We cannot tell from the passage.

A.the absorption of micronutrients B.the intake of carbohydrates C.the consumption of hormones D.the digestion of fats

A．indifferent to this case B．very worried about this case C．quite concerned about this case D．quite optimistic about this case

A．has a history of over one hundred years B．was brought to Europe in the 1850s C．is usually eaten with the hot dog D．is better served in Hamburg

Ethnic restaurants and supermarkets are commonplace in the United States. Since the United States is a country of immigrants, there is a great variety. Any large American city is filled with restaurants【38】international cooking. Many cities even have ethnic sections: Chinatown, Little Italy, or Germantown. With this vast ethnic choice, we can【39】food from all over the world. This is pleasant for those who come here to travel or to work; they can usually find their【40】specialties. Health food gained popularity when people began to think more seriously about their physical well-being. Health food is fresh, natural, unprocessed food. It does not【41】preservatives to make it last longer or chemicals to make it taste or look【42】Some health food enthusiasts are vegetarians: They eat no meat; they prefer to get their【43】proteins from other sources, such as beans and rice, cheese and eggs. More and more people are eating healthy food and trying to eat less fat and red meat. America's【44】toward meals is changing, too. The traditional big breakfast and dinner at 6:00 p.m. are losing popularity. People are rediscovering the social importance of tood. Dinner with family or friends is again becoming a very【45】way of enjoying and sharing. Like so many people in other cultures, many Americans are taking time to relax and enjoy the finer tastes at dinner, even if they still rush through lunch at a hamburger stand. (36) A．at B．in C．for D．to

Now, health advocates say, an ill-conceived redesign-has taken one of the more successful public-health campaigns—the Food Guide Pyramid—and rendered it confusing to the point of uselessness. Some of these critics worry that America's Department of Agriculture caved to pressure from parts of the food industry anxious to protect theft products. The Food Guide Pyramid was a graphic which emphasizes that a healthy diet is built on a base of gains, vegetables and fruits, followed by ever-decreasing amounts of dairy products, meat, sweets and oils. The agriculture department launched the pyramid in 1992 to replace its previous program, which was centered on the idea of four basic food groups. The "Basic Four" campaign showed a plate divided into quarters, and seemed to imply that meat and dairy products should make up haft of a healthy diet, with grains, fruits and vegetables making up the other half. It was replaced only over the strenuous objections of the meat and dairy industries. The old pyramid was undoubtedly imperfect. It failed to distinguish between a doughnut and a whole-grain roll, or a hamburger and a skinless chicken breast, and it did not make clear exactly how much of each foodstuff to eat. It did, however, manage to convey the basic idea of proper proportions in an easily understandable way. The new pyramid, called "My Pyramid", abandons the effort to provide this information. Instead, it has been simplified to a mere logo. The food groups are replaced with unlabelled, multi-colored vertical stripes which, in some versions, rise out of a cartoon jumble of foods that look like the aftermath of a riot at a grocery store. Anyone who wants to see how this translates into a healthy diet is invited to go to a website, put in their age, sex and activity level, and get a custom-designed pyramid, complete with healthy food choices and suggested portion sizes. This is free for those who are motivated, but might prove too much effort for those who most need such information. Admittedly, the designers of the new pyramid had a tough job to do. They were supposed to condense the advice in the 84-page United States' Dietary Guidelines into a simple, meaningful graphic suitable for printing on the back of a cereal box. And they had to do this in the face of pressure from dozens of special interest groups—from the country's Potato Board, which thought potatoes would look nice in the picture, to the Almond Board of California, which felt the same way about almonds. Even the National Watermelon Promotion Board and the California Avocado Commission were eager to see their products recognized. Nevertheless, many health advocates believe the new graphic is a missed opportunity. Although officials insist industry pressure had nothing to do with the eventual design, some critics suspect that political influence was at work. On the other hand, it is not clear how much good even the best graphic could do. Surveys found that 80% of Americans recognized the old Food Guide Pyramid—a big success in the world of public-health campaigns. Yet only 16% followed its advice. Trying to get Americans to eat a healthy diet is a frustrating business can be easily proved by the fact that A．public-health campaigns cannot compete with tempting flavors. B．snack-food and fast-food industries are flourishing in the US. C．most food in America are profoundly rich in fat and sugar. D．fat people account for a large proportion of American population.

A．shop；shop B．shopping；shopping C．shop；shopping

Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use, but the scientists only have detailed information around 1,000 of them.To see the advantages of GM food you have only to consider the recent press revelation that the average lettuce receives eleven pesticide applications before it reaches the supermarket shelf.I’m sure chemicals and their role in disease will become a big issue in the 21st century as the population of the developed world worries increasingly about its health. The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world’s predicted population growth to ten or eleven billion.It’s not just a question of more mouths to feed either.What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space, reducing the overall land available for agriculture. The world has 800 million hungry people.Until now, food supplies have been increased by improved varieties, pesticides and artificial fertilizers: the green revolution.Now we’re on the edge of a new one: a genetic revolution. It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM food.It is true that for the next years or so GM crops may be too expensive. 6. According to the passage, food supplies have been increased by all the following except_____________. A.pesticides B.artificial fertilizers C.improved varieties D.transportation 7.How many chemicals are still less familiar to the scientists？() A.20,000. B.1,000 C.19,000 D.21,000. 8.Why will people prefer GM food in the future？() A.Because it uses less pesticides. B.Because it is much cheaper. C.Because the production is increased. D.Because it is organic food. 9.Which of the following is NOT true？() A.By 2050, the world population will grow to ten or eleven billion. B.In the 21st century, GM food will take the place of conventional food. C.More and more people will reduce the overall land available for farming. D.More and more people will consume more food and occupy more space. 10.The author’s attitude towards GM food is _______. A.negative B.positive C.critical D.uncertain

A．tendency B．trend C．intention D．inclination

A．nutritious B．unhealthy C．balanced D．tasty