Robot是什么（）

A . 开放性 B . 平等性 C . 透明性 D . 交互性

A . 正确 B . 错误

A．functions B．purposes C．techniques D．mechanical systems

The word robot and robots themselves are less than 100 years old. But humans have been dreaming of real and imaginary copies of themselves for thousands of years. Early people made little human statues out of clay. And they cut wood and stone to look like humans. What is the future of robots？ The goal of scientists is to create a true humanlike robot. Some experts have described this robot of the future as one that can act independently with the physical world through its own senses and actions. Humans have the ability to see, hear, speak and solve problems. Engineers have built robots that have one or two of these abilities. But it takes a number of big expensive computers to make the robots work. The biggest problem in creating a humanlike robot is copying human intelligence. The way the human mind works is almost impossible to copy. A simple computer can solve mathematical problems far beyond the ability of even the smartest human mind. But the human mind is better than a thousand supercomputers at speaking, hearing and problem solving. Several American and Japanese companies are working to develop the senses of sight and touch for robots. The development of these senses will make robots much more useful. However, the most important human ability the most difficult to copy is problem solving. An intelligent robot must be able to change the way it acts when it faces an unexpected situation. Humans do it all the time. Computers must do it for robots. This means computers must have a huge base of information about many things. They must be able to find quickly the needed information in their systems. And they must make choices about how to act. So far, this is beyond the ability of computers. According to the passage, however intelligent a robot may be, it______. A．acts as an ordinary animal B．is nothing but a machine C．is viewed as a modem myth D．is regarded as a human being

A．Maggot-like robots. B．Snake-like robots. C．Ball-shaped robots. D．Chair-shaped robots.

A．A.卡雷尔·卡佩克 B．B.阿西莫夫 C．C.托莫维奇 D．D.森政弘

say they will have made it by the year 2020.Carol Packer repots. Machines that walk，speak and feel are no longer science fiction.Kismet is the name of an android(机器人)which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT).Kismet is different from the tradition。al robot because it can show human emotions.Its eyes.ears and lips move to show when it feels happy.sad or bored.Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids—robots that 100k like human beings—which can imitate human feelings.Cog，another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother However,scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two year old. The optimists(乐观主义者)say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids(机器人)with brains similar to those of an adult human being.These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public.What kind of jobs will they do？ In the future，robots like Robonaut ，a humanoid invented by NASA，will be doing dangerous jobs，like repairing space stations They will also be doing more and more of the household work for US.In Japan，scientists are designing androids that will entertain US by dancing and playing the piano. Some people worry about what the future holds：will robots become monsters(怪物)？Will people themselves become increasingly like robots？ Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers，connected to the Internet，in the future.People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body，which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets(小装置).Perhaps we should not exaggerate(夸大)the importance of technology，but one wonders whether , in years to come，we will still be falling in love，and whether we will still feel pain.Who knows？ 第11题：Kismet is different from traditional robots because A．it thinks for itself B．it is not 1ike science fiction C．it Can 100k after two-year—olds D．it seems to have human feelings

A．It can detect a person’s way of thinking. B．It can imitate complex human movements. C．It is still in its experimental stage. D．It is ready for market distribution.

A．is more useful than the domestic robot B．is completely different from the domestic robot C．is more complicated than the domestic robot D．is likely to be used as a model for the domestic robot

A．characters B．components C．catalogues D．collections

This year's crop of 23 entrants were offered an even greater incentive—a $2m prize for the winner. That, plus the intervening 18 months, seems to have done the trick. This time, five vehicles finished the 211 km course. The winner, a modified Volkswagen Touareg dubbed Stanley by its makers, a team from Stanford University, did it in a mere six hours and 54 minutes. Stanley was, of course, specially hardened by its designers for the rough terrain of the Nevada desert. The clever bit, however, was the vehicle's brain. This was designed and built by the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (SAIL). Stanley's brain consists of six top-of-the-range Pentium chips wired collaboratively together. It is programmed with special software that is able to learn from its mistakes. This software mastered the tricks of collision-avoidance in a series of desert test runs conducted before the race started. Like all brains, Stanley's has a range of sensory inputs to process. A global positioning system (GPS) receiver tells it where on the Earth's surface it is. Television cameras, radar and four laser based distance monitors tell it what its surroundings are like. By comparing its GPS location with its pre-programmed destination (announced only a few hours before the race began), it knew which way it wanted to go. And, by studying its surroundings, it could work out what looked like the safest route that was also in approximately the right direction. Although Stanley carried off the laurels, the other four finishers did respectably. Sandstorm managed a time just ten minutes behind the winner while her sister vehicle Highlander came in ten minutes after that. GrayBot and TerraMax, the other two course-completers, came in at seven hours 30 minutes and 12 hours 51 minutes, respectively. So smart, autonomous vehicles can, indeed, find their way across several hundred kilometres of desert. The question is, what next？ DARPA's answer, of course, will be to go down the military route. But this sort of technology has obvious civilian applications as well, as Sebastian Thrun, the head of both SAIL and the Stanford racing team, is keen to emphasize. Dr. Thrun thinks that it could lead to self-driving road vehicles within 30 years and—more immediately—to greatly improved collision-avoidance systems. Whether the freeways of California will prove as easy to navigate as the gulches of Nevada, though, remains to be seen. The purpose of holding a robot race is to A．adventure through the Nevada desert. B．delevop unpiloted vehicles for military use. C．win a $lm jackpot. D．keep American troops unharmed.

A．闭环控制系统 传感器 B．图像识别 图像处理 C．神经网络 D．模式识别 自动控制