Forty May Be the New 30 As Scientists Redefine Age Is 40 really the new 30? In many ways people today act younger than their parents did at the same age.
Scientists have defined a new age concept and believe it could explain why populations are aging, but at the same time seem to be getting younger.
Instead of measuring aging by how long people have lived, the scientists have factored in how many more years people can probably still look forward to.
"Using that measure, the average person can get younger in the sense that he or she can have even more years to live as time goes on," said Warren Sanderson of the University of New York in Stony Brook.
He and Sergei Scherbov of the Vienna lnstitute of Demography (人口统计学) at the Austrian (奥地利的) Academy of Sciences, have used their method to estimate how the proportion of elderly people in Germany, Japan and the United States will change in the future.
The average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years, according to research reported in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
However, by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 37.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur at around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000.
"As people have more and more years to live they have to save more and plan more and they effectively are behaving as if they were younger," said Sanderson.
Five years ago, the average American was 35.3 years old and could plan for 43.5 more years of life. By 2050, the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years.
"A lot of our ski/Is, our education, our savings and the way we dear with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live," said Sanderson.
This dimension of how many years people have to live has been completely ignored in the discussion of aging so far.
第36题:People 40 years of age today seem to be as young as
A.their parents were at the same age.
B.their parents were at the age of 30.
C.their children will be at the same age.
D.their children will be at the age of 30.
时间:2023-09-26 07:41:53
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The construction portfolio may be included as part of the ship().
A . general plans
B . operating manual
C . builders documentation
D . CCS file
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()may be laid ready for the cargo or may just be put in bundles ready for the stevedores to lay out as the cargo is loaded.
A . Wedge
B . Dunnage
C . Shore
D . Store
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During the PSC inspection, under the provisions of SOLAS 74, which one may not be regarded as clear grounds for ships’ detainment?()
A . failure of the proper operation of emergency generator
B . insulation of piping including exhaust pipes in engine room contaminated by oil
C . improper operation of bilge of bilge of bilge pumping arrangements
D . damaged sanitary pum
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With VIT the start of injection may be () as the engine load is reduced within a certain range.
A . advanced
B . retarded
C . relayed
D . cut off
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The nominal range of a light may be accurately defined as the maximum distance at which a light may be seen().
A . under existing visibility conditions
B . under perfect visibility
C . with ten miles visibility
D . with fifteen miles visibility
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If a refrigeration compressor is running continuously without lowering temperature as normal in the refrigerator, the trouble may be ().
A . excessive condenser cooling water
B . warm food in the refrigerator
C . a shortage of refrigerant
D . s shortage of compressor oil
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Vessel shall be placed at the()of the Charterers in such dock or at such berth or place as the Charterers may direct.
A . disposal
B . control
C . operation
D . optio
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There may be ______ women in engineering classes of thirty or forty students.
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A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the friends he makes with.
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The author's attitude to the new meritocracy can be described as______.
A.optimistic
B.sarcastic
C.worried
D.pessimistic
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The author's advice to writers may be summed up as ______.
A.imitating Moses, Plato, and Milton
B.giving the public what it wants
C.being original
D.believing in your own reasoning and emotions
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The motivation that the learners have a sense of achievement as long as they learn if of vital importance may be termed ____ motivation.
A、instrumental
B、integrative
C、cognitive
D、none of them
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With V1T the start of injection may be _____ as the engine load is reduced within a certain range.
A.advanced
B.retarded
C.relayed
D.cut off
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Aspirin may be the most familiar drug in the world — but its power to heal goes far beyond the usual aches and pains. Exciting new studies suggest that aspirin can help fight a wide range of serious illnesses. "It now seems to be a benefit in so many areas of health," says Dr Debra Judelson, medical director of the Women's Heart Institute in Beverly Hills, California. "I advise most of my patients, as long as they aren't allergic to aspirin and don't have bleeding problems, to take low-dose aspirin."
Some of the major illnesses and conditions that aspirin or aspirin-like drugs might help prevent are. Alzheimer's disease, diabetes-related heart disease, heart attack, cancer and antibiotic-induced hearing loss.
The passage mainly discusses the effects of
A.health.
B.aspirin.
C.hearing loss.
D.heart attack.
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The authors attitude and recommendation regarding the nature of the Kyoto Protocol may best be interpreted as______.
A.Look before you leap
B.You can"t please everyone
C.Don"t throw the baby out with the bath water
D.If at first you don"t succeed, try and try again
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The identity of the shareholders in a large concern may be changing constantly as shares are bought and sold by different people.
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The telecity is a city whose life, direction, and functioning are largely shaped by telecommunications. In the twenty first century, cities will be based more and more on an economy that is dependent on services and intellectual property. Telecommunications and information networks will define a city's architecture, shape, and character. Proximity in the telecity will be defined by the speed and bandwidth of networks as much as by geographical propinquity. In the age of the telecity, New York and Singapore may be closer than, say, New York and Arkadelphia, Arkansas.
Telecities will supersede megacities for several reasons, including the drive toward clean air, reducing pollution, energy conservation, more jobs based on services, and coping with the high cost of urban property. Now we must add the need to cope with terrorist threats in a high-technology world.
Western mind-sets were clearly jolted in the wake of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York City and attacks in Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and else where. But the risks posed by twentieth-century patterns of urbanization and architecture have ye to register fully with political figures and leaders of industry. The Pentagon, for example, has been rebuilt in situation rather than distributed to multiple locations and connected by secure landlines and broadband wireless systems. Likewise, the reconstruction of the World Trade Center complex still represents a massive concentration of humanity and infrastructure. This is a remarkably shortsighted and dangerous vision of the future.
The security risks, economic expenses, and environmental hazards of over-centralization are everywhere, and they do not stop with skyscrapers and large governmental structures. There are risks also at seaports and airports, in food and water supplies, at nuclear power plants and hydroelectric turbines at major dams, in transportation systems, and in information and communications systems.
This vulnerability applies not only to terrorist threats but also to human error, such as system-wide blackouts in North America in August 2003 and in Italy in September 2003, and natural disasters such as typhoons, hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes. Leaders and planners are only slowly becoming aware that overcentralized facilities are the most vulnerable to attack or catastrophic destruction.
There is also growing awareness that new broadband electronic systems now allow governments and corporations to safeguard their key assets and people in new and innovative ways. So far, corporations have been quickest to adjust to these new realities, and some governments have begun to adjust as well.
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.The telecity is a TV manufacturing city.
B.The telecity is a city of the speed and bandwidth of networks.
C.Singapore is closer to New York than Arkadelphia, Arkansas is in telecity age.
D.Singapore is actually closer to New York than Arkadelphia, Arkansas.
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In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth's postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction.
Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.
Questioning and routine double-checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer may provide; it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.
What is the main purpose of this passage?
A.To look back to the early days of this passage.
B.To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.
C.To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.
D.To warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.
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Scientists have long believed one way to stop the Earth’s atmosphere from warming is by planting more trees. The idea is that more trees will take in or absorb some of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a gas released by cars, factories and other human activities. The gas traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, which warms the planet. However, two new studies have found that trees may not be as helpful in reducing carbon dioxide as had been thought.
The first study was done at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Researchers pumped extra carbon dioxide into a test area where pine trees were growing. The trees grew thirty-four percent faster during the first three years. However, in time, the trees slowed to about their normal growth rate. The scientists say this is because trees need other nutrients, such as nitrogen.
In the second study, researchers from Duke and Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine examined the soil around trees. They discovered that as the leaves broke down into the soil, all the carbon was not trapped in the soil. Much of it was released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
The findings of the two studies were published last month in Nature magazine. They suggest there is limited value in planting trees to reduce the carbon dioxide pollution in the atmosphere.
Forest planting has been a part of negotiations on a world agreement to reduce greenhouse gases that scientists believe cause global warming. The United States, Canada, Japan and some other industrial countries have supported the idea. But this new research suggests the idea is not as effective as environmental activists had thought. Scientist Ram Oren of Duke University led the study on tree growth. He says that earlier estimates on the ability of forests to absorb carbon dioxide were overly hopeful.
Some scientists not involved in the studies say the research provides some of the first evidence on how trees react to carbon dioxide. Other scientists say the research disputes a belief among some coal and power companies. The companies say that rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will not create harmful global warming. Instead, they say it will increase forests and other plants.
What is the purpose of this passage?
A.Introduce some new ideas about the relationship between trees and carbon dioxide.
B.Introduce recent condition of global industrial pollution.
C.Call on people to plant more trees to reduce greenhouse gases.
D.Point out that power companies should be responsible for the rising levels of carbon dioxide.
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The uses for multimedia are so vast that the term has confused many people. Roughly speaking, multimedia may be viewed as applications that operate within a media-rich, digital environment on the desktop, over local networks via telecommunications. As a result, the term “multimedia” takes on vastly different meanings to different groups of people. The real value of the term is that it serves as a common vision for the direction of new visual communication opportunities and markets-a vision where the barriers to communication and self-expression in media have been removed.
(1).From the first paragraph we may conclude that multimedia are ().
A.desktop computers
B.applications
C.telecommunications over LAN
D.digital environment
(2).What kind of barrier do we have before the advent of multimedia ()?
A.Expression barrier
B.Difference in definition
C.Market barrier
D.Difficulties in VOD
(3).Which of the following can’t be interpreted as multimedia()?
A.Media-rich, digital storage
B.High degree of data structure
C.High level of interactivity
D.Passive communications
(4).The author tends to think VOD movies as ().
A.multimedia application
B.delivery of sequential information
C.our definition of multimedia
D.parallel communications
(5).The best title of passage is ().
A.The Uses of Multimedia
B.Broadband Multimedia Communication
C.What Multimedia Are Like
D.Multimedia Services
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<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">Artis considered by many people to be little more than a decorative means ofgiving pleasure. This is not always the case, however, at times, art may beseen to have purely functional side as well. Such could be said of the sandpaintings of the Navaho Indians of the American Southwest; these have amedicinal as well as an artistic purpose.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">According to Navaho traditions, one who suffers from either a mental orphysical illness has in some way disturbed or come in contact with thesupernatural—perhaps a certain animal, a ghost, or the dead. To counteract thisevil contact, the sick person or one of his relatives will attract a powerfulsupernatural being. During the ceremony, which may last from 2to 9days, the“singer” will produce a sand painting on the floor of the Navaho house. On thelast day of the ceremony, the patient will sit on this sand painting and the“singer” will rub the sick parts of the patient’s body with sand from aspecific figure in the sand painting. In this way the patient absorbs the powerof that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it. After theceremony, the sand painting is then destroyed and disposed of so its power willnot harm anyone.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">Theart of sand painting is handed down from old “singers” to their students. Thematerials used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit: brown, red,yellow, and white sandstone, which is ground into powder by being crushedbetween two stones much as corn is ground into flour. The “singer” holds asmall amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb andforefinger onto a clean, flat surface on the floor. With a steady hand andgreat patience, he is thus able to create designs of people, snakes and othercreatures that have power in the Navaho belief system.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">26. The word “decorative” in Paragraph 1most probably refers to ___.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">A).functional</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">B).medicinal</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">C).artistic</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">D).pure</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">27.According to the Navaho traditions,one is ill because he has met with _____.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">A).something with supernatural powers</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">B).a dead goat</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">C).any animal</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">D).too many dead people</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">28. How can a sick person recover fromhis illness according to the passage?</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">A).He must avoid the evil contact.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">B).He needs help from another powerful supernatural being.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">C).He must draw a sand painting.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">D).He must sing at a ceremony.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">29. The reason for the sand painting tobe destroyed after the ceremony is _____.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">A).not to allow others to use it freely</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">B).to harm the patient</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">C).not to harm others</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">D).to protect the patient</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">30.Which of the following is TRUE of the designs of people, snakes and othercreatures created by the “singer” ?</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">A).They are sand paintings.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">B).They have healing powers.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">C).They attract supernatural beings.</span>
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &39;times new roman&39;, serif;">D).All of the above</span>
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What will the next decade bring, as we move into a new millennium? That’s getting harder and harder to predict. Change is coming so fast that some of the most important technologies of the 21st century may now be just a sketch on the drawing board or glimmer in the mind of genius. Then again, the transcendent technologies may be right under our noses on the verge of having as great an impact as the car or telephone.