Giving Up Smoking A number of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine(尼古丁) patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive(粘着性的) discs applied to the skin. The nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream. Over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed.

A . at all times B . during evening hours C . unless another person is present D . during drilling operatio

A . tricks B . strict C . trace

A . stand-on vessel B . privileged vessel C . burdened vessel D . hampered vessel

A . to do B . and to do C . and do D . and doing

A . Configure the dial-up connection to negotiate with the server using Challenge-Handshake  Authentication Protocol (CHAP). B . You can choose the option to set up the Internet connection manually if you know the ISP's  phone number and your account and password already. C . You need to provide a known IP address before attempting to connect to the ISP server. D . Your ISP is requiring Data Encryption. Configure the dial- up connection to use it.&e

A . inner bottom plating and longitudinals B . decks and bulkheads C . double bottom girders D . topside and hopper tank sloping plating and longitudinal

A．Why don’t you just do it？ B．I wouldn’t have a clue. C．Go for it. D．I'm thinking about it.

What does the speaker mean？ A．He felt the girl was honest. B．He felt the girl was telling a lie. C．He felt the girl did not like the interview. D．He felt disappointed with the girl.

A．instructed B．inquired C．forbidden D．strived

Few doctors believe any longer that it is simply a question of will power. And for those people that continue to view addicts as merely "weak", recent genetic research may force a rethink. A study conducted by Jacqueline Vink, of the Free University of Amsterdam, used a database called the Netherlands Twin Register to analyze the smoking habits of twins. Her results, published in the Pharmacogenomics Journal, suggest that an individual's degree of nicotine dependence, and even the number of cigarettes he smokes per day, are strongly genetically influenced. The Netherlands Twin Register is a voluntary database that contains details of some 7,000 pairs of adult twins (aged between 15 and 70) and 28,000 pairs of childhood twins. Such databases are prized by geneticists because they allow the comparison of identical twins (who share all their genes) with fraternal twins (who share half). In this case, however, Dr. Vink did not make use of that fact. For her, the database was merely a convenient repository of information. Instead of comparing identical and fraternal twins, she concentrated on the adult fraternal twins, most of whom had completed questionnaires about their habits, including smoking, and 536 of whom had given DNA samples to the register. The human genome is huge. It consists of billions of DNA "letters", some of which can be strung together to make sense (the genes) but many of which have either no function, or an unknown function, To follow what is going on, geneticists rely on markers they have identified within the genome. These are places where the genetic letters may vary between individuals. If a particular variant is routinely associated with a particular physical feature or a behavior. pattern, it suggests that a particular version of a nearby gene is influencing that feature or behavior. Dr. Vink found four markers which seemed to be associated with smoking. They were on chromosomes 3, 6, 10 and 14, suggesting that at least four genes are involved. Dr. Vink hopes that finding genes responsible for nicotine dependence will make it possible to identify the causes of such dependence. That will help to classify smokers better (some are social smokers while others are physically addicted) and thus enable "quitting" programs to be customized. Results such as Dr. Vink's must be interpreted with care. Association studies, as such projects are known, have a disturbing habit of disappearing, as it were, in a puff of smoke when someone tries to replicate them. But if Dr. Vink really has exposed a genetic link with addiction, then Mark Twain's problem may eventually become a thing of the past. Mark Twain is mentioned in the passage in order to show that A．he is a man with very Strong will power. B．it is easy to give up smoking temporarily. C．famous writers are often heavy smokers. D．only few people have his determination.

A．probate B．obsolete C．swelling D．recapitulating

A．tried B．attempted C．agreed D．decided

是 否

A.fluctuating B.growing C.steady D.falling

A．A.led B．B.was leading C．C.lead D．D.leading