The history of fast food in America runs parallel to the invention of the car.

A . since B . however C . moreover D . consequently

A.or B.and C.that D.SO

A.recover B.appreciate C.exaggerate D.address

In 1997, the High Court in London found that environmental campaigners Helen Steel, aged 34, and Dave Morris, 44, were guilty of distributing a pamphlet containing allegations against McDonald’s and their fast food and its preparation. The trial lasted three years and brought to light much evidence about the way McDonald’s hamburger chain workers prepared, handled and served food, and the treatment of these workers by the American-owned company. The High Court in London awarded McDonald’s damages of 60,000 pounds (RMB 780,000) against the two penniless campaigners. But in 1999, three Appeal Court Judges in London decided that the two defendants found guilty of libel against McDonald’s in 1997 would have the damages they have to pay to McDonald’s reduced to 40,000 pounds (RMB 520,000). While upholding the libel ruling, the judges backed the defendants' claim the food carries health risks and said allegations McDonald’s workers suffer poor pay and conditions are "fair comment". The judges also backed a claim by the defendants that eating the company’s hamburgers can cause heart disease. The claim that "if one eats enough McDonald’s food, one’s diet may well become high in fat..., with the very real risk of heart disease, is justified," said Lord Justice Pill, who was sitting in the Court of Appeal with Lord Justice May and Justice Keene. The appeal decision is likely to be a further embarrassment to McDonald’s, whose three-year action against environmental campaigners Helen Steel and Dave Morris generated extensive negative publicity. Peter Backman, chief executive of Food Service Intelligence, a research group, said: " McDonald’s is very conscious of what people say about them. They have got where they have by listening to consumers. I think their strategy will be to downplay the ruling, refute the comments, and thirdly, to do something about it." McDonald’s said it welcomed the Court of Appeal decision to uphold the 1997 libel ruling. The company faces another $200,000 legal bill for the 23-day appeal hearing. Steel and Morris were to take the case to the House of Lords and the European Court of Human Rights to appeal against the damages awarded against them. They present much of their cases themselves and any lawyer’s fees are largely paid for by donations. The pair have yet to win court backing for claims that McDonald’s damages the environment, or that there are links between its hamburgers, cancer and food poisoning. The fast-food chain has not yet recovered a penny of its original libel award from the defendants, who are refusing to hand over any money. One benefit of the long trial was that A．McDonald’s become more famous after that. B．people knew a lot about the food processing in McDonald’s. C．the way McDonald’s treated its workers has been improved. D．the government got a sum of money from it.

W: I told you that you were being too optimistic. What did the man think of the food at the school restaurant？ A．Excellent. B．Hard to swallow. C．Better than before. D．Not very good.

W: But next to potatoes, I believe. Q: What does the woman mean？ (15) A．It's raining heavily. B．It's going to rain. C．It's raining slightly. D．He wants some cats and dogs.

A．has a history of over one hundred years B．was brought to Europe in the 1850s C．is usually eaten with the hot dog D．is better served in Hamburg

A．get them punished B．eat there at a lower price C．warn the public of the harm of eating fast foods D．replace them with better restaurants

Ethnic restaurants and supermarkets are commonplace in the United States. Since the United States is a country of immigrants, there is a great variety. Any large American city is filled with restaurants【38】international cooking. Many cities even have ethnic sections: Chinatown, Little Italy, or Germantown. With this vast ethnic choice, we can【39】food from all over the world. This is pleasant for those who come here to travel or to work; they can usually find their【40】specialties. Health food gained popularity when people began to think more seriously about their physical well-being. Health food is fresh, natural, unprocessed food. It does not【41】preservatives to make it last longer or chemicals to make it taste or look【42】Some health food enthusiasts are vegetarians: They eat no meat; they prefer to get their【43】proteins from other sources, such as beans and rice, cheese and eggs. More and more people are eating healthy food and trying to eat less fat and red meat. America's【44】toward meals is changing, too. The traditional big breakfast and dinner at 6:00 p.m. are losing popularity. People are rediscovering the social importance of tood. Dinner with family or friends is again becoming a very【45】way of enjoying and sharing. Like so many people in other cultures, many Americans are taking time to relax and enjoy the finer tastes at dinner, even if they still rush through lunch at a hamburger stand. (36) A．at B．in C．for D．to

Now, health advocates say, an ill-conceived redesign-has taken one of the more successful public-health campaigns—the Food Guide Pyramid—and rendered it confusing to the point of uselessness. Some of these critics worry that America's Department of Agriculture caved to pressure from parts of the food industry anxious to protect theft products. The Food Guide Pyramid was a graphic which emphasizes that a healthy diet is built on a base of gains, vegetables and fruits, followed by ever-decreasing amounts of dairy products, meat, sweets and oils. The agriculture department launched the pyramid in 1992 to replace its previous program, which was centered on the idea of four basic food groups. The "Basic Four" campaign showed a plate divided into quarters, and seemed to imply that meat and dairy products should make up haft of a healthy diet, with grains, fruits and vegetables making up the other half. It was replaced only over the strenuous objections of the meat and dairy industries. The old pyramid was undoubtedly imperfect. It failed to distinguish between a doughnut and a whole-grain roll, or a hamburger and a skinless chicken breast, and it did not make clear exactly how much of each foodstuff to eat. It did, however, manage to convey the basic idea of proper proportions in an easily understandable way. The new pyramid, called "My Pyramid", abandons the effort to provide this information. Instead, it has been simplified to a mere logo. The food groups are replaced with unlabelled, multi-colored vertical stripes which, in some versions, rise out of a cartoon jumble of foods that look like the aftermath of a riot at a grocery store. Anyone who wants to see how this translates into a healthy diet is invited to go to a website, put in their age, sex and activity level, and get a custom-designed pyramid, complete with healthy food choices and suggested portion sizes. This is free for those who are motivated, but might prove too much effort for those who most need such information. Admittedly, the designers of the new pyramid had a tough job to do. They were supposed to condense the advice in the 84-page United States' Dietary Guidelines into a simple, meaningful graphic suitable for printing on the back of a cereal box. And they had to do this in the face of pressure from dozens of special interest groups—from the country's Potato Board, which thought potatoes would look nice in the picture, to the Almond Board of California, which felt the same way about almonds. Even the National Watermelon Promotion Board and the California Avocado Commission were eager to see their products recognized. Nevertheless, many health advocates believe the new graphic is a missed opportunity. Although officials insist industry pressure had nothing to do with the eventual design, some critics suspect that political influence was at work. On the other hand, it is not clear how much good even the best graphic could do. Surveys found that 80% of Americans recognized the old Food Guide Pyramid—a big success in the world of public-health campaigns. Yet only 16% followed its advice. Trying to get Americans to eat a healthy diet is a frustrating business can be easily proved by the fact that A．public-health campaigns cannot compete with tempting flavors. B．snack-food and fast-food industries are flourishing in the US. C．most food in America are profoundly rich in fat and sugar. D．fat people account for a large proportion of American population.

A:对 B:错

A．我要去见一个素不相识的陌生人,向他宣布我得住在他家,吃他的食物,喝他的威士忌,一直等到下一班船到来,把我带到我要去的港口为止。当我想到这种情景时,我真有点不好意思了。 B．我要去见一个素不相识的陌生人,向他宣布我得住在他家,吃他的饭,喝他的酒,一直等到下一班船到来,把我带到我要去的港口为止。当我想到这种情景时,我真有点不好意思了 C．我要去见一个素不相识的陌生人,向他宣布我得住在他家,吃他的,喝他的,一直等到下一班船到来,把我带到我要去的港口为止。当我想到这种情景时,我真有点不好意思了。

A．horizontal marketing B．cost versus benefit C．consumption D．marketing channel E．value delivery

A．steadily B．unexpectedly C．sharply D．decreasingly