三、阅读理解(11—25题)：下面给出一些语段和短文材料，要求考生通过仔细阅读分析，选出与所给语段或材料内容最相符合的选项。请开始答题：11．黑匣子学名叫飞行参数记录仪，这是一种专用的磁性记录器，主要由两部分组成：驾驶舱话音记录器(CVR)和飞行数据记录器(FDR)。黑匣子能经得起强大的冲击力和1100℃的高温，还能耐浸泡、耐腐蚀，而且通常安装在飞机尾部相对安全的地方。因此大部分空难事故后，包括空中解体、被烈火烧毁，人们都能找到黑匣子作为调查事故的重要依据。对上段文字中“黑匣子”表述最准确的一项是()。

A . 如何写好文章 B . 如何修改文章 C . 写作可以整理思想 D . 写作的艰辛和快乐

A . 各级政府对农民工的问题漠不关心 B . 农民工的问题解决起来的确难度很大 C . 解决农民工问题不能仅停留在研究上，还应该尽快落实到行动上 D . 分析农民工问题迟迟得不到解决的原因

A . 各级政府对农民工的问题漠不关心 B . 农民工的问题解决起来的确难度很大 C . 解决农民工问题不能仅停留在研究上，还应该尽快落实到行动上 D . 分析农民工问题迟迟得不到解决的原因

A . 为人自私，难成大业 B . 一屋不扫，何以扫天下 C . 百善孝为先，万恶淫为首 D . 孝为德之本，百善孝为先

A . 各级政府对农民工的问题漠不关心 B . 农民工的问题解决起来的确难度很大 C . 解决农民工问题不能仅停留在研究上，还应该尽快落实到行动上 D . 分析农民工问题迟迟得不到解决的原因

A . 各级政府对农民工的问题漠不关心 B . 农民工的问题解决起来的确难度很大 C . 解决农民工问题不能仅停留在研究上，还应该尽快落实到行动上 D . 分析农民工问题迟迟得不到解决的原因

A .https://assets.asklib.com/psource/2016042214072568848.jpg

A . 孝不仅是一个口号，更需要具体行动 B . 弘扬中华孝道是当前的迫切需要 C . 如今社会，人们对孝道越来越淡漠了 D . 时间的流逝，将带走行孝的机会

A . 思想有了活力 B . 思想有了条理 C . 思想有了形体 D . 思想得到倾诉

A．智力的发展，使整体分为个体 B．文明必然带来孤独，这是必然的 C．作者对个人奋斗持肯定态度 D．作者未必赞同近代文明”化整为零”

５６．我们知道当我们接迎面飞来的篮球，手接触到球以后，两臂随球后引至胸前把球接住。这样做的目的是 。 Ａ．减小篮球的动量Ｂ．减小篮球的动量变化Ｃ．增大篮球的动量变化Ｄ．减小篮球的动量变化率

第一篇 Volunteers are being recruited(征募) to eat raw potatoes in the first human trials of a vaccine grown in genetically engineered vegetables. Researchers in Texas hope that people who eat the potatoes will be protected against common gut(肠，肠子) infections. They believe this technique could prove to be a cost-effective way of growing vaccines in developing countries where such diseases are still killers. Other researchers previously succeeded in using similar techniques to produce potential vaccines Now Hugh Mason and his colleagues at Texas A & M University(得克萨斯农业及机械大学) their plant vaccines on mice and plan to recruit 15 volunteers for a human trial. The team first tested the technique in tobacco plants. They took a strain of Escherichia coli(大肠杆菌) bacteria that causes food poisoning, and identified the part of the poison which binds to its victims gut cells. They then used a modified plant bacterium called Agrobacterium tumefasciens to transfer the segment of DNA which manufactures the binding protein into the tobacco plant. Under normal circumstances, these bacteria transfer packets of DNA into plant cells to force the plant to manufacture the nutrients they need. But in the modified bacteria, the DNA package includes the gene to pro- duce the binding protein. Once the foreign DNA segment was incorporated(结合，合并) into the tobacco's own DNA, the bacteria were killed off with antibiotics. Mason's team then grew these modified tobacco plants and found that they produced the E. coli binding protein. Proof of success came when the tobacco leaves were mashed up(捣碎) and squirted into the stomachs of mice. Mason says that within days the mice started producing specific antibodies to the E. coli poison, but suffered no ill effects from digesting the binding protein. Mason then produced genetically engineered potatoes and fed these to mice, with similar results. Mason's team have used plants to produce vaccines against a number of other infectious agents. For example, they have made a vaccine using a protein from the shell of the Norwalk virus, which causes diarrhoea(腹泻) in children. A third vaccine has also been produced in tobacco using a surface protein from the hepatitis B virus. But Mason says that so far they have only been able to produce small amounts of it in potatoes. Although a vaccine already exists against hepatitis B, a cheaper plant version could make mass immunisation(群众性免疫) possible. One problem with growing potatoes to produce vaccines is that cooking tends to destroy the protein component of the vaccine, so they must be eaten raw. Mason thinks that bananas may be a better option. "One banana could potentially produce a whole host of different vaccines," says Mason. The purpose of this text is______。 A. to prove that doctors don't like vegetables B. to amuse the reader by telling some funny things C. to describe how vegetables can grow vaccines for their own use D. to tell the reader about a cheaper way of growing vaccines

A.涨价的因素在市场经济条件下是不可避免的 B.提高市场竞争能力，产品适当涨价也是应该的 C.以后企业的产品要想扭亏，涨价是众多手段之一 D.企业的发展需要从管理挖潜上找出路

A．④②①③⑤ B．②③④⑤① C．②④⑤③① D．⑤③②④①

A．如果从后天而不是从明天起就重视环境保护，人类的厄运就要早一天到来 B． 如果我们从现在起开始重视环境保护，人类就可以在地球上永久地生存下去 C． 对污染问题的严重性要有高度的认识，并且要尽快采取行动做好环保工作 D． 只要我们从现在起开始重视环境保护，人类就不至于在地球上无法生存下去

A．收入差距的加大必然带来矛盾的激化 B． 经济交往过程中必然出现剥削的现象 C． 经济纠纷常常是由于账目不清引起的 D．劳动收入问题是社会稳定的决定因素

A．在开会时，低着头看报纸、眯着眼瞌睡的听众 B．每次听领导讲话总是记录很多笔记，但在执行政策时往往根据自己的意图，与领导意图不一致的听众 C．感叹“听君一席话，胜读十年书”的听众 D．只听一些易理解的内容，避开艰难话题的听众

A．生产力决定社会公平原则的实现程度 B．公平在任何国家都只能是相对的 C．我国经济发展水平较低，不应片面追求公平 D．只要经济发展水平上不去，就不能实现社会公平

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项 中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选 择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 Even Intelligent People Can Fail 1 The striking thing about the innovators who succeeded in making our modern world is how often they failed．Turn oil a light，take a photograph，watch TV,search the web，jet across the Pacific Ocean．talk on a cellphone(手机)．The innovators who left us these things had to find the way to success through a maze(错综复杂)of wrong turns． 2 We have just celebrated the 125th anniversary of American innovator Thomas Edison’s success in heating n thin line to white，hot heat for 14 hours in his lab in New Jersey，US．He did that on October 22．1879．and followed up a month later by keeping a thread of common cardboard alight(点亮着的)in an airless space for 45 hours．Three years later he went on to light up half a square mile of downtown Manhattan，even though only one of the six power plants in his design worked when he turned it on，on September 4，1882． 3 “Many of 1ife’S failures”the supreme innovator said．“are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up”Before that magical moment in October 1879． Edison had worked out no fewer than 3．000 theories about electric light．But in only two cases did his experiments work． 4 N0 one likes failure，but the smart innovators learn from it．Mark Gumz．the head of the camera maker Olympus America Inc．attributes some of the company’S successes in technology to understanding failure．His popular phrase is：“You only fail when you quit” 5 0ver two centuries,the most common quality of the innovators has been persistence That is another way of saying they had the emotional ability to keep up what they were doing．Walt Disney,the founder of Disneyland，was so broke after a succession of financial failures that he was left shoeless in his office because he could not afford the US$1．50 to get his shoes from the repair shop．Pioneering Car maker Henry Ford failed with one company and was forced out of another before he developed the Model T Car． 6 Failure is harder to bear in today’s open,accelerated world．Hardly any innovation works the first time But an impatient society and the media want instant success When American music and movie master David Geffen had a difficult time，a critic said nastily that the only difference between Geffen Records (Geffen’s company)and the Titanic(the ship that went down) was that the Titanic had better music．Actually，it wasn’t．After four years of 10sses．Geffen had so many hits(成功的作品)he could afford a ship as big as the Titanic all to himself． <img src='https://img2.soutiyun.com/ask/uploadfile/2400001-2403000/cd31ff35bfc473fe95ed3d47d6bea39c.jpg' />

希望得到珍贵的宝石吗？那就去黑洞附近碰碰运气吧。天文学家El前在观测中发现，一些特大质量的黑洞就如同宇宙中的“宝石工厂”，喷射出大量的水晶、红宝石和蓝宝石。这一发现将揭开构成宇宙的第一批恒星的尘埃的来源之谜，同时也为生命的物质之源找到了起点。据美国《科学日报》10月10日报道，一个由多国研究人员组成的小组利用美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的斯皮策太空望远镜对一个编号为PG2112+059的类星体进行了观测。它位于距离地球约80亿光年的一个星系中央。研究人员发现了沙子、玻璃、水晶、大理石和红宝石之类的矿物存在的迹象。由于这些物质在太空的恶劣的环境中无法长时间保留，因此这表明它们是刚形成的。 天文学家认为，星际尘埃逐渐聚集形成了恒星、行星、小行星、彗星等天体，随后才有了地球上的生命体。如今分布在宇宙角落的星际尘埃被认为是与太阳类似的巨大古老恒星在演化到超新星阶段衰亡爆炸时产生的，但是在137亿年“高龄”的宇宙的形成之初，形成那些原始恒星的尘埃又从何而来呢？ 一种观点认为，这些尘埃来自类星体。这种有“宇宙怪物’’之称的天体发现于上世纪六十年代，它的光谱似行星状星云但又不是星云，外形像星团又不是星团，发出的射电如星系又不是星系，它的内部呈螺旋状结构，中心是质量超大的黑洞，周围环绕着尘埃密布的环状星云。科学家认为它们是已知的最为活跃明亮的、正在形成中的星系，黑洞的强大吸引力将物质吸引进去，而由此产生巨大气压又形成“黑洞风”将物质吹离。就是在这场从未停歇的宇宙“拔河比赛”中，催生了恒星和新元素的出现。 最新的观测结果为这一理论提供了有力的证据。研究报告的主要作者、英国曼彻斯特大学的西斯卡·马克维克·肯普说：“我们惊讶地发现那些刚形成的尘埃是从特大质量的黑洞中吹出的风中来的。世界万物最终都来自宇宙尘埃，这揭开了我们来自哪里的所有疑问。”另一名研究小组成员、洛杉矶加州大学的莎拉·盖拉格尔则表示：“类星体就像《芝麻街》中的‘甜饼怪’，它们以风的形式喷射出的物质似乎比它们吸入的物质更多。” 这项研究的报告将发表在本月出版的《天体物理学杂志》上。研究人员还计划在其他类星体周围寻找尘埃的踪迹以进一步证明他们的发现，他们认为，也有可能类星体并不是早期宇宙唯一的尘埃来源。马克维克·肯普表示：“在某些环境下，超新星可能对尘埃形成更重要，而类星体可能在另外一些环境中显得作用更大。” 第 86 题 “由于这些物质在太空的恶劣的环境中无法长时间保留，因此这表明它们是刚形成的”这句话的用意何在？（） <img src='https://img2.soutiyun.com/ask/uploadfile/2439001-2442000/7d187ccd60fca26ce4a2ab0d08087ab2.gif' />

A．0.16 B．0.96 C．1.2 D．2.4

A．展露微笑会让人留下美好印象 B．惊恐是对人类很重要的信息，它会提醒人们注意潜在的危险 C．对于没有什么危险的信号，大脑相应的关注也较少 D．文中未给出确切答案

青玉案 宋代：贺铸 凌波不过横塘路，但目送、芳尘去。锦瑟华年谁与度？月桥花院，琐窗朱户，只有春知处。飞云冉冉蘅皋暮，彩笔新题断肠句。试问闲情都几许？一川烟草，满城风絮，梅子黄时雨