听力原文：WOMAN: Good afternoon, Mr Gray. Thanks for coming to our university to talk about the problem in the Darlinghurst area to our new international students.

M: No problem. I'll save you the cost of a taxi by dropping you off at the train station on my way to work. How is the man getting to work？ A．Riding. B．By bus. C．Driving.

M: I'm afraid I can't right now. The results probably won't come out before Friday. Q: What is the woman？ (16) A．A patient. B．A student. C．A customer. D．An employee.

Man: Hello. Yes I looked at the provision of training by employers in this country, and found that most have a 'winner-takes-all' approach to training. Despite low- levels of basic skills, companies spend most of their training budgets on their most qualified employees, particularly managers. This simply doesn't result in the quality we need. Woman: But does this really matter？ Man: Yes, because even though there have been enormous efforts to make training available to everyone, the under-development of the workforce in this country is a major factor in our poor productivity. It's also true that the time people spend being trained is below the average of the world's industrialised economies. Woman: Training is particularly bad in the fast- food industry, isn't it？ Man: Well, the industry certainly has the image of offering low-paid, Iow-prestige jobs with no future prospects. And there are jobs that don't demand a great deal of skill, for instance using the latest technology for cooking. But in fact, that image isn't entirely accurate. Not only are pay and conditions improving, but some fast- food chains are better than many other service sector employers at combining commercial success with the development of its workforce. Woman: Can you give us an example？ Man: Well, the Burger House chain gives its staff the chance to take courses in all sorts of things, not just those needed for cooking or serving. When the annual training programme is circulated, staff plan with their managers which courses to attend. They encourage people to spend as much time being trained as they think they can benefit from. In the long term, the company gains fmancially, because it creates a source of potential managers. Woman: But still, working in a fast4ood establishment is much worse than in an expensive restaurant, isn't it？ Man: In both cases, the work can resemble a production line, with the pressure limiting the chances of job satisfaction. But, expensive restaurants depend on the reputation of one or two individuals; the rest have little chance to move from low to high-skilled work. In some fast-food chains, almost half the managers have worked their way up from the kitchens. And while the type of service varies, I've seen good and bad quality in expensive restaurants and fast-food places, and that depends on training. Woman: Where will the pressure for improved training come from？ Man: In fact, it's internal. Although customers are affected by the end result of training, they also tend to be sensitive to prices. So, in fact, it's mostly people who have already worked their way up to managerial k'vels who want to help others in the same wa)'. Another advantage of course, is that training attracts job applicants, which makes recruitment easier. Woman: What recommendations did you make in your report？ Man: My main one is that the government should support training by letting companies claim tax relief. Many companies already get this for certain types of training, but the proposal w. ould particularly help unskilled workers aiming at intermediate qualifications. The government should also work with the sector skills council to improve training and working conditions in those industries where it's necessary. Woman: Do you think the government will act on your proposals？ Man: Well, I want to reintroduce the idea of people getting grants, so that they can choose training for themselves, but there were problems with this a few years ago, so the political will probably isn't there to try it again. I'm confident we'll see a review of all the vocational qualifications, though, which would remove some of the inconsistencies that are there now. And to be honest, my idea for all workers to spend a minimum time on training is unlikely to be introduced just yet. W A．the total amount of money spent on training. B．the way they allocate budgets. C．the quality of the training provided.

Man: Well, I was thirty and settled at work, but then I came across a report predicting annual internet growth at 2,300%. The figure was like an alarm clock ringing in my head. I started to think about the regrets I might have at eighty. I realised I probably wouldn't even remember the things that seemed important in my thirties (like getting my end-of-year pay bonus. But I'd definitely tell myself I'd been a fool to ignore the internet. Woman: How did you go about choosing a product？ Man: Well, I drew up a list of twenty products, from clothes to gardening tools, and from that I got a shortlist of five, and then I assessed them. I thought about market growth in different countries and I also did some research into suppliers. But there were other important factors as well. I wanted a product that didn't retail for too high a figure. I thought that since many people would be buying from the internet for the first time, they might be afraid to take a risk with large amounts of money. Woman: And what made you decide on books？ Man: Well, basically, I found out that books had an eighty-two billion dollar market world-wide. There's also a high demand for CDs - a product I nearly went for - but with books there's a much wider choice. There're 3 million items in the book category, but only 300,000 in CDs. This choice meant the capabilities of the computer - in organisation and selection - could be put to good use. Woman: Bookstore has certainly been very successful. Why do you think that is？ Man: Well, it's not been easy. For the first five years, it was a struggle raising funds and developing the right software. The ideas weren't the difficult bit. If you and I sat down here for an hour, we'd come up with a hundred good ideas. The hard bit is making those ideas work. There are several key elements, which for me were research, recruiting the right staff, and prioritising. Woman: And you're satisfied with your customer growth？ Man: Well, it was a bit slow at first but then it picked up and from May '97 we started to see our greatest growth. We went from a hundred and twenty million dollars annual sales revenue to two hundred and thirty million dollars by the end of that year, and from 340,000 customers to 15 million. 58% of them were repeat customers. By '98, sales had reached almost three hundred and ten million dollars. Woman: And is Bookstore's success reflected in its profits？ Man: Well, at the moment we're focusing on introducing ourselves to customers and we spend a lot on advertising. Anything else would be a poor management decision. But, of course, it's reflected in our final figures. It's not unusual for a four-year-old company like ours to be in an investment cycle. What is more unusual is for a young company like Bookstore to be sold on the stock market, which happened in July '97. Woman: Bookstore is well-known for its high- quality customer service. What is the secret of your success in this area？ Man: Well, firstly our books are delivered fast and any complaints are dealt with by email and what's important is that the email is always answered in a friendly way, with the emphasis on 'the customer is always fight'. In fact, customers sometimes feel guilty about complaining because Bookstore staff are so helpful! Regular customers are recognised when they go to our website, and we suggest titles to them, based on their previous purchases. Woman: Do you think Bookstore offers a better service than its competitors？ Man: Well, yes. We'd been in the market for about two years before most of our competitors started so we had a head start and although some have caught up now, we're still cheaper. Our book price includes tax and delivery. Most of our competitors' prices don't. But what's more important is that B A．he was earning yep/little in his job. B．he had reached the age for a career change. C．he had to respond to a business opportunity.

M: Yes, it must be three or four years. I haven't visited you since I called about my will. You helped me with that, you remember？ W: Yes, I remember. Do you want to make any changes in your will？ M: I don't think that will be necessary, but you'll tell me if it is. I left everything, you remember, to my wife, and after her death, to my son Jerry. I've about $15,000 in shares of industrial companies. These bring in, after paying tax, about ＄1,125 a year. Well, I'm earning a good salary now, and I shall get a good pension from my employers, so my wife and I can live fairly comfortably with this extra income, I want to buy some land and build a house for my son; he will need a house when he gets married. I'm thinking of building one and giving it to him. W: Your son's lucky. So you want my help buying the land and building the house. M: Yes, that's right. As soon as you've done what's necessary for buying the land, Jerry and I will see an architect. W: Have you found a plot yet？ M: Jerry was in Edinburgh last Saturday and saw a plot he likes. My wife and I went there two days ago, and we liked it, too. I'd like you to make the necessary inquiries for me. W: I'd be pleased to do that. I shall have to write to the Local Authority and inquire whether it is allowed to build a house on your piece of land. You've not allowed to build a house without permission from the Planning Authority. And sometimes the Authority decides that a house must be built of stone, and not of brick, so that it doesn't spoil the surrounding village. How long have they not met each other？ A．Half a year. B．Two years. C．Three or four years. D．More than five years.

M: Well, it's a combination of things, but at the top of the list I think I'd put being truthful. Staff have certain expectations of how they should be treated and they want their managers to be fair. Not telling your staff what's happening is a sure way of losing their respect. You need to concentrate on solving problems, not hiding them. W: But not all problems can be solved, can they？ M: Most can, actually, but that's not the point. The thing is, instead of reacting after the dam-ages done, you should be talking to staff about how things are going and avoiding a situation where they come to see you about the problems after the event. The trick is to decide what problems might arise before they actually happen. W: What about having staff work together？ How should that be managed？ M: Well, some people appear to like working on their own, but in most companies, people who work on their own do so because they have been neglected. They have been given a task and their boss is not in-terested in how it is being done. This makes their sense of achievements smaller no matter how hard they work. People who work in teams have dearer overall picture of the work they are involved in. They have a role to play, and they know that if they don't perform. well, it is not only the business is going to suffer but also the other members of their team. So it is up to managers to create teams within their organization and encourage this team spirit. It raises performance. W: How is this best done？ M: Well, it's important to identify certain key employees among your staff and give them particular support and attention. If these key people are encouraged in their work, they would perform. better themselves, and more importantly raise the general level of performance of all the others in their area. W: Isn't it also a question of recruitment？ M: Yes, yes, lots of difficulties in staff management arise because mangers genuinely don't know how to select the right person. Sometimes interviewees are chosen on the basis of written personality tests which hear no relation with the work they'll be actually doing. Many managers admit that they sometimes ignore the lack of appropriate skills in recruiting the staff. I'd say that in the vast majority of cases they simply opt for the candidates who's made the best impression in half an hour or so... F: So, what should we have instead？ M: Well, the selection procedure should involve matching the skills and knowledge of the applicant to the actual job. And they should be done in the most immediate and relevant way possible, for example, if you try to recruit a trainer for your company, an important part of the inter-view should involve the applicant giving a pre-pared training session. Training is what they'll be doing, so you should see them in operation be-fore employing them. F: That sounds sensible. The final question, Brian, is about discipline, which is perhaps the hardest factor to get it right. What is the latest thinking？ B: Umm, well, the issues are: should you be a hard, unfriendly boss, make sure everyone obey your order without a question, or should you be more sympathetic and listen to your employees' difficulties？ Then there will be time when you have to discipline someone who has done some-thing wrong. It can be difficult if you are on very friendly terms with them. So a certain distance is necessary. On the either hand, if you are too un-approachable, you may not be made aware of important problems. M: Well, thank you, Brian. I'm sure plenty of managers out there will find out our talk very interesting. ？You will hear a radio interview with Brian Williams, a management expert. The interview deals with staf A．being able to concentrate. B．being honest. C．being respected.

W: I'd love to, but I have to take a biochemistry exam tomorrow. It's a make-up, you know. Q: What does the woman mean？ (14) A．She will go to the museum with the man. B．She likes the bronze sword very much. C．She hopes the man can pass the exam the next day. D．She can't go with the man for having an exam the next day.

W: You don't have to wait Until Saturday. Right here, in this office, the dean has maps, bus schedules and even a list of inexpensive hotels. They're for foreign students, you know. Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place？ (19) A．This conversation was at the airport. B．They were eating lunch and talking in a restaurant. C．This took place in a college information office. D．They were at the dean's home.

W: I'd love to. But my best friend is getting married on Sunday. I won't miss it for anything. What is the woman going to do on Sunday？ A．Go to the museum. B．Attend a wedding. C．See an exhibition. D．Go to New Mexico.

W: Some hope, he is a hard nut to crack. Q: What does the woman mean？ (15) A．She will help the man to make an appointment to meet the professor. B．The professor will probably change his mind. C．She hopes the professor will change his mind. D．The man can not convince the professor.

My life, by Joe Wrigley, will keep all fans of Joe's stories happy for hours. It explains a lot about where his ideas come from and gives a picture of what was happening in his life when he was working on his most successful books. I must say, though, that some of it is difficult to understand if you haven't read his other books. Now, for those of you who like a good cry, Goodbye to the fields, by Susan Marks, tells the sad story of John, a small boy who has to leave the countryside he loves when the family move to London because of his father's job. John and his mother would prefer to stay where they are. It's a long time before the family begins to feel comfortable living in the big city. There are plenty of books with helpful advice this week. First, the A-Z of photography would make a great present for anyone just starting out with a camera. It has everything you need to know to take really good photos, and learn about cameras, film, lighting and so on. This is not one for the experienced photographer, though — there's not much advanced information here. Turning to the kitchen, Cooking for one, by Adrian White, says on its cover that even people who hate cooking will find it useful. A month ago, I couldn't even boil an egg, but now I'm producing all sorts of dishes, some quite difficult, and, yes, they taste quite good, too. I'rn actually enjoying cooking now. I'm now going to try a new book about cooking Italian food. The last book this week is Holidays in Europe, by Mary Curtis. This is an enjoyable read, which will start your imagination working as you plan for next year's holiday. It doesn't matter that the writer doesn't talk about the famous places everyone visits, but describes lots of small places away from the main tourist areas. The maps are too small to be useful but the book is still good value for money. That's it for this week, then. Next week, there's a special report on giving books as presents, so if you've saved up your money and you're wondering what to get for a friend or relation for their birthdays, you might get some good ideas. I'll look forward to talking to you then. To really understand My life you need to A．read it very slowly. B．know about the writer's life. C．read the writer's other books.

AMINA: Oh, that's alright. I was just very anxious to hear what you think of it. You can see that I decided to change the topic - I had been interested in looking at Barings Factory. BRYSON: Oh, I think the hospital was a much better choice. In fact.., well... I have to 【Q21】 say that I thought it was good. AMINA: Oh？ BRYSON: There's still lots of work to be done... AMINA: Oh yes.., of course. BRYSON: But there's plenty of good ideas. It opens well and the first chapter is fine but the middle section really stood out for me... most interesting. 【Q22】 AMNA: That's amazing because I really didn't find it a bit easy to write... 【Q23】 BRYSON: How long did you work on the whole thing？ AMINA: Well, I spent about two or three weeks reading and doing general research and then I dashed the writing off very quickly.., so about four weeks in all. BRYSON: Well, that's about par for the course. You've got a while yet to make the changes. AMINA: Oh right.., no problem... BRYSON: Right. Let's have a look at my notes here. OK. Starting with section headings …. the broad divisions are good but you'll have to re-do the actual headings. Example I've made some suggestions in the margins... AMINA: OK. Thanks. BRYSON: Now, this information on local housing... I can see why you put it there but it 【Q24】 really isn't relevant to the approach you've taken. AMINA: I think I see what you mean. BRYSON: Now... what did I say about the interviews？ AMNA: I worked very hard on those. I really thought they were valuable. BRYSON: They are, Amina, but they're very complex and rather unclear at the moment. You're going to have to spend a bit of time making the data a lot clearer. 【Q25】 AMINA: OK... as long as I don't have to remove them altogether... BRYSON: No, don't worry. AMINA: What about the chronology.., the list of dates？ I wasn't sure whether I should rewrite those. BRYSON: My advice on that is to take them out. I feel it makes the whole piece appear 【Q26】 too simplistic. AMINA: OK, if it'll help. .......................................................................................................................................................... BRSON: Now, there are a couple of other books I'd like you to look at. Have you got a pen？ Right... Approaches to Local History by John Mervis... AMINA: Right... BRYSON: And then I think you need to think about ways of representing interview data. Have a look at Sight and Sound by Kate Oakwell. 【Q27】 AMINA: Sight and Sound. BRYSON: Then you know I'm going away on holiday next week... AMINA: Yes. BRYSON: So when you've made the changes I suggest you show the work to your 【Q28】 Support Tutor. AMINA: Support Tutor... right... BRYSON: Then you do the proof reading... 【Q29】 AMINA: Proof reading.., uh-huh. When by, do you think？ BRYSON: I'd aim for 29 June and after that you should get it laser printed.., but be &nb A．school. B．hospital. C．factory.

W: You were just complaining about how broke you are. If I were you, I'd make that my first priority. What does the woman mean？ (16) A．The man is looking for a new job. B．The man is suffering from his broken leg. C．The man is in short of money. D．The man has an interview tomorrow afternoon.

M: I like to read too. But I prefer non-fiction: history, philosophy and others alike. Q: What do we know about the man from this conversation？ (14) A．He doesn't have time to read. B．He has no reading preference. C．He doesn't read the same kind of books as the woman. D．He prefers writing to reading.

B: I know, but there isn't anywhere else in this town. Look! The waiter is coming over for our order. What do they think about the restaurant？ A．The service there is not good. B．The food might not be good. C．The waiter is not hospitable. D．The restaurant is too small.

M: Good morning, Cindy. W: Roberta, what exactly do time management consultants do？ M: Well, Cindy, it's all about helping people to organize their work in an ef fective way: maximum efficiency; minimum stress. W: Hah, sounds like something I need. Who are your clients？ M: Um, mainly business people, but I've also worked with politicians, civil servants and university lecturers. W: Um, quite a range, then. And what sort of things help people to organ ize their time？ I suppose punctuality is important. M: Um, yes and no. It's easier to finish a meeting on time if it starts on time. But in international contexts, you do have to be aware of cultural differences. W: For example？ M: Well, in Britain big, formal meetings usually start on time, but less for mal meetings often begin a few minutes late. In Germany, on the other hand, people expect all meetings to begin on time; In some countries, er, for example, in Latin America, there's a more relaxed attitude. So, you d6 have to adapt to circumstances. W: Um, it sounds like even if you manage your own time very well, you still can't control what other people do. M. Well, you can set limits. If you're meeting a friend who always arrives late, you can say, "Well, I'm going to wait for 15 minutes. If they aren't there by then, I'll leave," W: Hmm. I've got one friend who's always late. I don't think I'd ever see her if I did that. M: Hah, but people who are always late are the ones you need to set limits with. If they know that you won't wait, then, perhaps they'll make an effort. W: Isn't that rather harsh？ M: No, not really. Someone who constantly turns up late is putting a low value on your time. Let them know you've got other things to do. And I'm not suggesting you do that with everyone just the persistent latecomers. (20) A．To help people to organize their work in an effective way. B．To help people to become efficient at their jobs. C．To help people to arrange their time properly. D．To help people to reduce stress.

听力原文：Woman: I haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been Man: Actually, I have been doing research recent A．He is doing research． B．He works long hours in the laB C．He is making progress． D．He was unhappy until recently．

M: I do have a lot of papers and magazines down on the basement. Volunteers used to come by these apartments regularly to collect waste paper. I still save it but people seldom ask for it nowadays and I' ve never gone over to the recycling center myself. W: That’s typical. A few years ago people were really enthusiastic about musing waste paper. Unfortunately, interest has been decreasing lately. Manufacturers now use waste paper for things, like paper bags, towels, napkins and boxes. But the demand is down. I think they need to find new commercial uses for recycled paper. M: I suppose things like greeting cards, calendars and writing paper could be made from it too. But recycled paper usually has a dingy color, doesn't it？ W: Well, it wouldn’t be suitable for art books or high-quality magazine paper. But who cares about the drab color if waste paper can take place of virgin wood pulp and so help to preserve forests. M: You are right. I'll bring my waste paper over to your apartment in a little while. Thanks for offering to take it. According to the speakers, what products are now made from recycled paper？ A．Paper towels, napkins, bags and boxes. B．Insulation for basements. C．Art books and other high-quality printed matter. D．Imitation wood.

W: Well, it's fairly cool and there's much rain in the morning. What is the weather like in Shanghai？ A．Hot. B．Cool. C．Cold.

听力原文： (A =Alice T=Tony) A Sinwell & Co. Good morning. T Hello, Alice？ A Oh, hello Tony. T I’m glad I caught you. Listen, I’m at the airport, and I’ve just realized I’ve left my diary in the office. You can’t see it anywhere, can you？ A Hang on. Here it is. T Oh, great. Now can you have a look at tomorrow？ I’ve got an appointment at nine thirty at the airport. But what’s the name of the woman I’m seeing？ A It’s Ms. Chen. Chen Hong. T That’s it. It had gone right out of my head. Is that C-H-E-N H-O-N-G？ A That’s right. T And what’s her position in the company, exactly？ A She’s their new Research Director. T That’s it. Right. Then in the afternoon, I’m meeting Mr. Johnson at 2.30. but I can’t remember whether we agreed to meet at his company or the hotel. A Well, there’s nothing here about the hotel. T Right, then it must be at his company. Sorry, Alice, I’ll have to go. My plane’s boarding. A Ok, Tony. Oh, before you go. Don’t forget on Wednesday you’ll need to confirm your flight to Shanghai. T Thanks. I’ll make a note of it. I’ll call you first thing in the morning. A Bye. &8226;Look at the form. below. &8226;You will hear a man checking details of his appointments AMERICAN BUSINESS TRIP: Mon 4/5-Wed 6/5 Appointments 9.30 Meeting at (9) ______ with Ms. Chen Hong. She's their new (10) ______ . 14.30 Meet Mr. Johnson at (11) ______ to discuss new products. Don't forget Call office tomorrow. (12)______ to Shanghai on Wednesday.

A．On foot． B．By bus． C．By bike D．By taxi．

W: I'm pretty sure we have one left, but it's only available for tonight. Q: What is the man trying to do？ (18) A．Tour the harbor. B．Find accommodations. C．Check out of a hotel. D．Pay a bill.

W: Sure. Weren't you in class on Monday？ That's when it was given out. M: No, I missed that class. Was there a handout？ W: No, the instructor just wrote the assignment on the board. M: Could I copy the assignment from your notes？ W: You could, ff I had copied it all down; but I just wrote down the part that I wanted. M: Oh, no. W: You see, there were four choices of topics ior the term paper; but, when I saw them, I knew which one I wanted so I didn't copy the others down. M: Can you remember any o'f the others？ W: Let's see. There was one about World War I, something about it, but I don't remember what, and there was one called "the idea of progress in the nineteenth century." M: And what was the last one？ W: I can't remember. My mind is a complete blank. Maybe you can ask someone else. M: Yes, I will. Anyway, those are certainly broad topics. W: Yes, but you van focus on a special area within them. Which one would you take？ M: Of course, I don't know what the last one is, but of these three, I think I'd take "the idea of progress." W: That's very abstract. M: Yes, but it's one of my interests and I've read a lot on the subject. I've never written a term paper on it though. W: Me neither. I haven't even read about it. Are you going to class on Wednesday？ M: Yes. W: Maybe he'll write it on the board again. M: I hope so. Good luck with your paper. W: Same to you. (23) A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.

听力原文：M: Good morning. Customer Banking Services. Can I help you？ F: Hello, can I speak to Mr Wright, please？ M: I am sorry he is in a meeting right now. I am his assistant, Tony. Is there anything I can do for you？ F: Oh, yes, maybe you can be of help. This is Ms Spencer. You see, I have found a teaching post in Korea, and I am going to stay there for at least 5 or 6 years, so I'd like to cancel my current account at your bank. M: OK, Ms Spencer. But I'll need some details. Your initials, please. F: D.Y. M: Is that B for baby？ F: No, D for difficult. M: Right. And what is your current account number？ F: It's 1807 5497 M: Would you give your date of birth？ I need to go through security procedures. F: 17 December, 1956. M: And your password, please. F: Well, I haven't used this account for sometime. I am not quite sure. It's maybe 5415 or 4515. Would you try both？ M: Yes, it's the fast one. Uh, you still have $100 in your account. Do you want to pick it up here personally or do you want it sent to you by mail？ F: By mail, please. I am extremely busy these days. M: Fine, Ms Spencer, your current account is cancelled. F: Thanks a lot, Tony. M: You are welcome. Bye-bye. &8226;There are thirty questions on this question paper. &8226;Instructions are given on the tape. &8226;You can write on this Question Paper. &8226;At the end of the test, you will be given 10 minutes to copy your answers onto the Answer Sheet. &8226;You must write all your answers in pencil. PART ONE &8226;You will hear three telephone conversations or messages. &8226;Write one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below. &8226;You will hear each recording twice. Conversation One &8226;Look at the form. below. &8226;You will hear a woman calling about banking service. Customer Banking Service From: (1) ___________________ Initials: D.Y. Bank service required: (2) ___________________ Reason: shall stay in (3) ___________________ for 5 or 6 years Date of birth: 17 Dec., 1956 Account number: 18075497 Password: 5415 Send (4) ___________________ of money by mail